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Just War Theory: A Critique and Reformulation

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Abstract:

Perhaps the greatest obstacle to the formulation of a coherent normative theory governingthe use of military force by liberal states is the lack of a well-defined model that describes with sufficient accuracy the nature of the international system.1 Neither of the simplemodels to which theorists have historically been drawn can be accepted. The first views the relations among states as ideally mirroring the relationship among citizens in asubstantially just liberal state (let us call this the legalist’s model); the second views the relations among states ideally as an amoral anarchy, as described in Hobbes’s portrait ofthe state of nature (let us call this the realist’s model). Although both models have a certain measure of plausibility, their ultimate inadequacy is in fact well understood. Thepre-eminent contemporary just war theorist, Michael Walzer explicitly recognizes the limitations of the two simple views, but, we argue, his normative prescriptions do notentirely escape the pull of the simple models; this dependence, we suggest, generates problematic consequences for the coherence of his normative prescriptions. Afterdemonstrating the difficulties Walzer’s excessive dependence on the legalist’s model of international society generates, we propose an alternative normative conception ofinternational society based on a Rousseauian ideal model of the international system.

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state (141), war (123), walzer (123), right (112), intern (78), law (69), moral (65), one (60), natur (60), communiti (59), polit (55), model (53), kant (48), view (44), peopl (43), rousseau (41), hobb (41), theori (40), general (40), unjust (39), account (39),
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Reisert, Joseph. and Barkin, Samuel. "Just War Theory: A Critique and Reformulation" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Marriott Wardman Park, Omni Shoreham, Washington Hilton, Washington, DC, Sep 01, 2005 <Not Available>. 2011-03-14 <http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p39909_index.html>

APA Citation:

Reisert, J. and Barkin, S. S. , 2005-09-01 "Just War Theory: A Critique and Reformulation" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Marriott Wardman Park, Omni Shoreham, Washington Hilton, Washington, DC Online <APPLICATION/PDF>. 2011-03-14 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p39909_index.html

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Review Method: Peer Reviewed
Abstract: Perhaps the greatest obstacle to the formulation of a coherent normative theory governingthe use of military force by liberal states is the lack of a well-defined model that describes with sufficient accuracy the nature of the international system.1 Neither of the simplemodels to which theorists have historically been drawn can be accepted. The first views the relations among states as ideally mirroring the relationship among citizens in asubstantially just liberal state (let us call this the legalist’s model); the second views the relations among states ideally as an amoral anarchy, as described in Hobbes’s portrait ofthe state of nature (let us call this the realist’s model). Although both models have a certain measure of plausibility, their ultimate inadequacy is in fact well understood. Thepre-eminent contemporary just war theorist, Michael Walzer explicitly recognizes the limitations of the two simple views, but, we argue, his normative prescriptions do notentirely escape the pull of the simple models; this dependence, we suggest, generates problematic consequences for the coherence of his normative prescriptions. Afterdemonstrating the difficulties Walzer’s excessive dependence on the legalist’s model of international society generates, we propose an alternative normative conception ofinternational society based on a Rousseauian ideal model of the international system.

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Document Type: application/pdf
Page count: 47
Word count: 14362
Text sample:
Just War Theory: A Critique and Reformulation Samuel Barkin University of Florida barkin@polisci.ufl.edu Joseph Reisert Colby College jrreiser@colby.edu Paper prepared for presentation at the Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association Washington DC September 1-4 2005 2 Perhaps the greatest obstacle to the formulation of a coherent normative theory governing the use of military force by liberal states is the lack of a well-defined model that describes with sufficient accuracy the nature of the international system.1 Neither of
and Power that the Europeans are Kantians who too readily view the world as if it were already a law- governed international order and the Americans are Hobbesians who too often see the world as a brutal state of nature.92 Whether the attribution is entirely accurate does not matter; he has surely identified two influential tendencies in thinking about international order in the present. We believe that our Rousseauian model which draws upon the insights of the theorist who


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