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Of Citizens, Refugees, Green Cards and Border Guards: Explaining Immigration Flows
Unformatted Document Text:  Table 2. Determinants of Immigration Flows for 18 countries from 1987 to 1999. OLS regression with panel corrected standard errors. Independent Variables Foreign Workers Asylum Seekers Model 1 Model 2 Model 3 Model 4 Model 1 Model 2 Model 3 Model 4 Model 4 (comparison) PR 0.05 (0.45) -0.15 (0.41) -0.90 (0.54) -1.44 (0.59) -1.19 (0.63) Thresh -0.18 (0.08) -0.05 (0.06) 0.28 (0.10) 0.33 (0.07) 0.32 (0.08) Polariz -0.13 (0.11) -0.27 (0.12) -0.01 (0.16) 0.03 (0.18) 0.01 (0.19) Frac 1.13 (1.65) 1.45 (1.45) 3.95 (2.31) 5.72 (2.22) 4.74 (2.58) Majority 0.02 (0.01) 0.03 (0.01) 0.01 (0.01) 0.00 (0.01) 0.01 (0.01) Judrev 1.32 (0.34) 1.11 (0.26) -0.59 (0.58) -0.50 (0.49) -1.02 (0.54) Govideo 0.00 (0.01) 0.00 (0.01) 0.00 (0.01) 0.00 (0.01) 0.01 (0.01) Govprefim 0.05 (0.05) 0.13 (0.05) 0.13 (0.05) 0.12 (0.06) 0.12 (0.07) Unemp t-1 -0.17 (0.04) -0.16 (0.03) -0.08 (0.05) -0.09 (0.05) -0.03 (0.06) Egrowth t-1 0.02 (0.02) 0.03 (0.03) -0.01 (0.03) 0.00 (0.03) 0.04 (0.03) Refugee 0.07 (0.04) 0.05 (0.03) -0.03 (0.04) -0.02 (0.04) -0.04 (0.04) Constant -2.36 (1.13) 0.57 (0.20) 0.73 (0.60) -2.28 (1.17) -2.79 (1.60) -0.67 (0.22) 0.44 (0.71) -2.86 (1.84) -2.53 (2.16) ρ 0.68 0.76 0.78 0.56 0.75 0.77 0.76 0.65 0.64 R 2 0.15 0.03 0.15 0.37 0.07 0.03 0.03 0.18 0.19 N 182 182 182 182 234 234 234 234 182 Note: SE in parentheses. All t-tests are one-tailed and significant at: .05 .01 .001 29

Authors: Breunig, Christian. and Luedtke, Adam.
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Table 2. Determinants of Immigration Flows for 18 countries from 1987 to 1999. OLS regression with panel corrected standard errors.
Independent
Variables
Foreign Workers
Asylum Seekers
Model 1
Model 2
Model 3
Model 4
Model 1
Model 2
Model 3
Model 4
Model 4
(comparison)
PR
0.05
(0.45)
-0.15
(0.41)
-0.90
(0.54)
-1.44
(0.59)
-1.19
(0.63)
Thresh
-0.18
(0.08)
-0.05
(0.06)
0.28
(0.10)
0.33
(0.07)
0.32
(0.08)
Polariz
-0.13
(0.11)
-0.27
(0.12)
-0.01
(0.16)
0.03
(0.18)
0.01
(0.19)
Frac
1.13
(1.65)
1.45
(1.45)
3.95
(2.31)
5.72
(2.22)
4.74
(2.58)
Majority
0.02
(0.01)
0.03
(0.01)
0.01
(0.01)
0.00
(0.01)
0.01
(0.01)
Judrev
1.32
(0.34)
1.11
(0.26)
-0.59
(0.58)
-0.50
(0.49)
-1.02
(0.54)
Govideo
0.00
(0.01)
0.00
(0.01)
0.00
(0.01)
0.00
(0.01)
0.01
(0.01)
Govprefim
0.05
(0.05)
0.13
(0.05)
0.13
(0.05)
0.12
(0.06)
0.12
(0.07)
Unemp
t-1
-0.17
(0.04)
-0.16
(0.03)
-0.08
(0.05)
-0.09
(0.05)
-0.03
(0.06)
Egrowth
t-1
0.02
(0.02)
0.03
(0.03)
-0.01
(0.03)
0.00
(0.03)
0.04
(0.03)
Refugee
0.07
(0.04)
0.05
(0.03)
-0.03
(0.04)
-0.02
(0.04)
-0.04
(0.04)
Constant
-2.36
(1.13)
0.57
(0.20)
0.73
(0.60)
-2.28
(1.17)
-2.79
(1.60)
-0.67
(0.22)
0.44
(0.71)
-2.86
(1.84)
-2.53
(2.16)
ρ
0.68
0.76
0.78
0.56
0.75
0.77
0.76
0.65
0.64
R
2
0.15
0.03
0.15
0.37
0.07
0.03
0.03
0.18
0.19
N
182
182
182
182
234
234
234
234
182
Note: SE in parentheses. All t-tests are one-tailed and significant at:
.05
.01
.001
29


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