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Between Solidarity and Diversity: Immigration, Trust and the Welfare State in Modern Societies
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Education
.22 (.013)***
-.1 (.01)***
-.08 (.012)***
Income
.01 (.032)
-.025 (.027)
.04 (.031)
Female
-.037 (.049)
-.09 (.04)**
-.08 (.048)*
Political self placement
-.17 (.013)***
.12 (.01)***
.11 (.012)***
Postmaterialism (4 items)
.54 (.042)***
-.46 (.034)***
-.37 (.04)***
Pseudo R-square:
.14
.05
.06
Number of observations:
8298
9193
8514
Model 1: “When jobs are scarce employers should give priority to [respective nation] people over immigrants”. The answer options were: a) agree, b) disagree, c) neither” (The answer option “neither” was recoded as missing data). Model 2: “How about people from other countries coming here to work. Which one of the following do you think the government should do: a) let anyone come who wants to, b) let people come as long as there are jobs available, c) place strict limits on the amount of foreigners who can come here, d) prohibit people coming here from other countries.” 3. “Which of these statements is nearest to your opinion: a) immigrants should maintain distinct customs and traditions, b) take over the customs of the country.” Model 3:
***=p<.001, **=p<.01, *=p<.05.
The results in table 6 demonstrate very clearly the differences between anomie,
primordial and universal trust. Across all three models there are statistically significant
differences between the two types of trust and anomie. In the first model, universal
trusters significantly disagree that jobs should be given to locals over immigrants, while
primordial trusters favor discrimination against immigrants. The same observation, in
even starker terms, applies to those people who believe that it is better to “stick to one’s
own affairs” which is termed anomie. Older people and those on the political right also
favor employers giving jobs to locals rather than immigrants. However, the opposite is
true for more highly educated people and for postmaterialists.
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Education
.22 (.013)***
-.1 (.01)***
-.08 (.012)***
Income
.01 (.032)
-.025 (.027)
.04 (.031)
Female
-.037 (.049)
-.09 (.04)**
-.08 (.048)*
Political self placement
-.17 (.013)***
.12 (.01)***
.11 (.012)***
Postmaterialism (4 items)
.54 (.042)***
-.46 (.034)***
-.37 (.04)***
Pseudo R-square:
.14
.05
.06
Number of observations:
8298
9193
8514
Model 1: “When jobs are scarce employers should give priority to [respective nation]
people over immigrants”. The answer options were: a) agree, b) disagree, c) neither” (The
answer option “neither” was recoded as missing data). Model 2: “How about people from
other countries coming here to work. Which one of the following do you think the
government should do: a) let anyone come who wants to, b) let people come as long as
there are jobs available, c) place strict limits on the amount of foreigners who can come
here, d) prohibit people coming here from other countries.” 3. “Which of these statements
is nearest to your opinion: a) immigrants should maintain distinct customs and traditions,
b) take over the customs of the country.” Model 3:
***=p<.001, **=p<.01, *=p<.05.
The results in table 6 demonstrate very clearly the differences between anomie,
primordial and universal trust. Across all three models there are statistically significant
differences between the two types of trust and anomie. In the first model, universal
trusters significantly disagree that jobs should be given to locals over immigrants, while
primordial trusters favor discrimination against immigrants. The same observation, in
even starker terms, applies to those people who believe that it is better to “stick to one’s
own affairs” which is termed anomie. Older people and those on the political right also
favor employers giving jobs to locals rather than immigrants. However, the opposite is
true for more highly educated people and for postmaterialists.
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