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Association: Name: American Political Science Association URL: http://www.apsanet.org
Citation: URL: http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p40459_index.html Direct Link: HTML Code:

Kennedy, John. "Death of a Township: Impact of the 2002 Tax-For-Fee Reform in Northwest China" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Marriott Wardman Park, Omni Shoreham, Washington Hilton, Washington, DC, Sep 01, 2005 <Not Available>. 2011-03-14 <http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p40459_index.html>

Kennedy, J. J. , 2005-09-01 "Death of a Township: Impact of the 2002 Tax-For-Fee Reform in Northwest China" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Marriott Wardman Park, Omni Shoreham, Washington Hilton, Washington, DC Online <PDF>. 2011-03-14 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p40459_index.html

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript Review Method: Peer Reviewed Abstract: The Tax-for-Fee Reform (TFR) and the current central government efforts to eliminate the agricultural tax in rural China has dramatically reduced the autonomy of township governments as well as the provision of local services. In 2000 and 2002, TFR abolished local fees levied on individuals and rural households in favor of a single agricultural tax. As a result, poorer townships have become more dependent on county governments for revenues, and these townships function more like county administrative units than local self-governments. In addition, many services have also been cut due to a lack of local revenues. In northwest China, there has been a sharp decline in the provision of educational and medical services. The combination of reduced autonomy and services has produced a number of �administrative shells� at the township level, and this may be the beginning of the end for township governments in northwest China.

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Varieties of Governance: Rural-Urban Migration and Transformed Local Governance in Rural China