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Battleground States versus Blackout States: The Behavioral Implications of Modern Presidential Campaigns
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Battleground States versus Blackout States:
Behavioral Implications of Modern Presidential Campaigns
James G. Gimpel
Karen M. Kaufmann
University of Maryland, College Park
## email not listed ##
## email not listed ##
Abstract: We examine the impact of “battleground” designation by presidential campaign strategists on the political activation and involvement of resource poor and peripheral voters, including those in lower income brackets, weak partisans, and African Americans. Increased exposure to campaign stimuli may provide voters in the contested states with an appreciable advantage over those in the “blackout” states by underwriting the cost associated with becoming informed and engaged. Our findings show that the condition of living on contested electoral terrain does have a positive impact on the interest and engagement levels of lower income voters. These effects are likely to accumulate and multiply if battleground and non-battleground designations remain fixed over longer periods of time. To the extent that the participatory benefits of battleground status are lost on those living it the “blackout” states, the gains in socioeconomic diversity among battleground voters may be offset by shrinking, less diverse electorates elsewhere.
Paper prepared for presentation at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Washington, DC, September 1-4, 2005.
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| | Authors: Kaufmann, Karen. and Gimpel, James. |
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Battleground States versus Blackout States:
Behavioral Implications of Modern Presidential Campaigns
James G. Gimpel
Karen M. Kaufmann
University of Maryland, College Park
## email not listed ##
## email not listed ##
Abstract: We examine the impact of “battleground” designation by presidential
campaign strategists on the political activation and involvement of resource poor and
peripheral voters, including those in lower income brackets, weak partisans, and African
Americans. Increased exposure to campaign stimuli may provide voters in the contested
states with an appreciable advantage over those in the “blackout” states by
underwriting the cost associated with becoming informed and engaged. Our findings
show that the condition of living on contested electoral terrain does have a positive
impact on the interest and engagement levels of lower income voters. These effects are
likely to accumulate and multiply if battleground and non-battleground designations
remain fixed over longer periods of time. To the extent that the participatory benefits of
battleground status are lost on those living it the “blackout” states, the gains in
socioeconomic diversity among battleground voters may be offset by shrinking, less
diverse electorates elsewhere.
Paper prepared for presentation at the annual meeting of the American Political Science
Association, Washington, DC, September 1-4, 2005.
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