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Austria
0.00
1.00
0.00
(4)
Denmark
0.75
0.25
0.00
(3)
(1)
Finland
0.25
0.00
0.75
(1)
(3)
France
0.60
0.40
0.00
(3)
(2)
Germany
0.00
0.50
0.50
(2)
(2)
Ireland
0.50
0.50
0.00
(2)
(2)
Italy
0.00
0.00
1.00 (4)
Sweden
1.00
0.00
0.00
(4)
Switzerland
0.00
0.00
1.00 (6)
United Kingdom
0.00
1.00
0.00
(3)
Sum
0.31
0.33
0.36
(13)
(14)
(15)
*Source: George Tsebelis. 2002. Veto Players. Data available at: http://www.sscnet.ucla.edu/polisci/faculty/tsebelis/
Table 5. Patterns of Government Formation Based on Upper Chamber Compositions (1990-2003)*
Country
Types of Government
Minority
Minimum Winning
Surplus
Czech Republic**
0.60
0.20
0.20
(3)
(1)
(1)
Poland
0.25
0.25
0.50
(1)
(1)
(2)
Romania
0.67
0
0.33
(2)
(0)
(1)
*Source: Parline Database. http://www.ipu.org/parline-e/parlinesearch.asp **The Czech Senate compositions are from 1996-2004.
Table 6. Results of the T-test: Government Duration and Number of Government Parties
T-statistic
Degrees of Freedom
Significance (2-tailed)
Government Duration
1.097
115
0.275
Number of Parties
0.340
84
0.736
29
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