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"Draining the Sea or Feeding the Fire?": The Use of Population Relocation in Counterinsurgency Operations
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DRAINING THE SEA, OR FEEDING THE FIRE
(New York, 1963); on Mozambique, see Brendan Jundanian, "Resettlement Programs: Counterinsurgency in Mozambique," Comparative Politics, vol. 6, no. 4 (July 1974), pp. 519-40; and on Vietnam, see again Osborne.
[102]
Welch, p, 279, 331.
[103]
Charles Gwynn, Imperial Policing (London: War Office, 1934), p. 5.
[104]
Cited in David Belchem, All in a Day’s March, (London, UK: Collins, 1978) p.37.
[105]
Pakenham, The Boer War, p. 509.
[106]
Adam Shatz, “The Torture of Algiers,” New York Review of Books, November 21, 2002.
[107]
Ibid.
[108]
Shankar Vedantam,“The Psychology of Torture; Past Incidents Show Abusers Think Ends Justify
the Means,” The Washington Post, May 11, 2004, p. A14.
[109]
Cited in Adam Shatz, “The Torture of Algiers,” New York Review of Books, November 21, 2002. It
is further worth noting that a similar dynamic seems to be at play today in the Middle East, where the brutal measures used by the Israelis have clearly enhanced support among the Palestinians for suicide bombers, while also weakening more moderate voices. (It is worth keeping in mind, for instance, that support for Hamas now exceeds support for Fatah.) Moreover, clearly the Israeli Gaza resettlement scheme did not lead to reduced political action on the part of those resettled; in fact, although the figures appear suspiciously high, survey data suggests that the resettled (at 97.2%) are even “more active politically than traditional camp refugees.”, see, for instance, “Israeli Resettlement Schemes for Palestinian Refugees in the West Bank and Gaza Strip since 1967.”
[110]
Newsinger, p. 82.
[111]
Ian Beckett, The Rhodesian Army’s Counterinsurgency 1972-79, Part II.
[112]
Ibid., p. 81.
[113]
Bender, “Limits of Counterinsurgency,” p. 356.
[114]
Defense expenditures rose from 25% of the national budget in 1960 to 42% in 1968, although that
was offset somewhat by contributions from the colonies themselves. In real terms, the military costs of the counter-insurgency campaign rose from 170.8 million escudos in 1967 to 4,438.8 million in 1973. From Beckett, Modern Insurgencies, pp. 143-4.
[115]
Bender, “The Limits of Counterinsurgency,” p. 349.
[116]
IISS, The Military Balance 1970-71 (London, UK: IISS, 1970), p. 112. Moreover, in the
international arena, the proclamation of an ‘independent’ state by the Partido Africano de Independencia de Guine e Cabo Verde (PAIGC) in September 1973 was recognized by 70 countries, as well as the UN
file:///Users/kelly/Desktop/Greenhill-Counterinsurgency.htm (39 of 43)9/28/2004 6:23:24 AM
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DRAINING THE SEA, OR FEEDING THE FIRE
(New York, 1963); on Mozambique, see Brendan Jundanian, "Resettlement Programs: Counterinsurgency
in Mozambique," Comparative Politics, vol. 6, no. 4 (July 1974), pp. 519-40; and on Vietnam, see again
Osborne.
the Means,” The Washington Post, May 11, 2004, p. A14.
is further worth noting that a similar dynamic seems to be at play today in the Middle East, where the
brutal measures used by the Israelis have clearly enhanced support among the Palestinians for suicide
bombers, while also weakening more moderate voices. (It is worth keeping in mind, for instance, that
support for Hamas now exceeds support for Fatah.) Moreover, clearly the Israeli Gaza resettlement
scheme did not lead to reduced political action on the part of those resettled; in fact, although the figures
appear suspiciously high, survey data suggests that the resettled (at 97.2%) are even “more active
politically than traditional camp refugees.”, see, for instance, “Israeli Resettlement Schemes for
Palestinian Refugees in the West Bank and Gaza Strip since 1967.”
Ian Beckett, The Rhodesian Army’s Counterinsurgency 1972-79, Part II.
was offset somewhat by contributions from the colonies themselves. In real terms, the military costs of
the counter-insurgency campaign rose from 170.8 million escudos in 1967 to 4,438.8 million in 1973.
From Beckett, Modern Insurgencies, pp. 143-4.
IISS, The Military Balance 1970-71 (London, UK: IISS, 1970), p. 112. Moreover, in the
international arena, the proclamation of an ‘independent’ state by the Partido Africano de Independencia
de Guine e Cabo Verde (PAIGC) in September 1973 was recognized by 70 countries, as well as the UN
file:///Users/kelly/Desktop/Greenhill-Counterinsurgency.htm (39 of 43)9/28/2004 6:23:24 AM
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