Author's Keywords: permanent campaign, presidential polling, public opinion, public presidency	Convention All Academic Convention can solve the abstract management needs for any association's annual meeting. Submission - Custom fields, multiple submission types, tracks, audio visual, multiple upload formats, automatic conversion to pdf. Review - Peer Review, Bulk reviewer assignment, bulk emails, ranking, z-score statistics, and multiple worksheets! Reports - Many standard and custom reports generated while you wait. Print programs with participant indexes, event grids, and more! Scheduling - Flexible and convenient grid scheduling within rooms and buildings. Conflict checking and advanced filtering. Communication - Bulk email tools to help your administrators send reminders and responses. Use form letters, a message center, and much more! Management - Search tools, duplicate people management, editing tools, submission transfers, many tools to manage a variety of conference management headaches! Click here for more information.
Association: Name: American Political Science Association URL: http://www.apsanet.org
Citation: URL: http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p60303_index.html Direct Link: HTML Code:

McCann, Jay. and Tenpas, Kathryn. "Testing the Permanence of the Permanent Campaign: An Analysis of Presidential Polling Expenditures, 1977-2002" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Hilton Chicago and the Palmer House Hilton, Chicago, IL, Sep 02, 2004 <Not Available>. 2009-05-26 <http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p60303_index.html>

McCann, J. and Tenpas, K. , 2004-09-02 "Testing the Permanence of the Permanent Campaign: An Analysis of Presidential Polling Expenditures, 1977-2002" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Hilton Chicago and the Palmer House Hilton, Chicago, IL Online <.PDF>. 2009-05-26 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p60303_index.html

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript Review Method: Peer Reviewed Abstract: Many presidential observers argue that the modern White House is the site of more-or-less permanent campaigning: high expectations are placed on chief executives, and to be effective, presidents must dedicate a great deal of energy and many resources to mobilizing public support. One indicator of the “permanent campaign” is the degree to which presidents since Ford have commissioned independent opinion polls and focus groups to assist in policymaking and political maneuvering. This paper assesses the “permanence” of the permanent campaign by examining monthly polling expenditures throughout four presidencies (Carter, Reagan, G.H.W. Bush, and Clinton). We find that for the most part, presidents do not vary significantly in the average amount spent per month. There is, however, considerable variation within presidential administrations; circumstances arise on occasion when much more “campaigning” is necessary. These episodes are not always clearly linked to the electoral calendar and merit further study.

Latino/Latina Political Appointees and the Policymaking Process: An Examination of the Characteristics, Career Paths and Impact on Executive Decision-making of the Kennedy, Johnson, Nixon, Ford, Carter, Reagan, Bush and Clinton Presidential Appointees

Latino/Latina Political Appointees and the Policymaking Process: An Examination of the Characteristics, Career Paths and Impact on Executive Decision making of the Kennedy, Johnson, Nixon, Ford, Carter, Reagan, Bush and Clinton Administration Appointees

Latino/Latina Political Appointees and the Policymaking Process: An Examination of their Impact on Executive Decision making in the Kennedy, Johnson, Nixon, Ford, Carter, Reagan, Bush and Clinton Administrations