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Mode of council election (Omlo05)
Reinforcement of programmatic
national parties/reinforcement of
individual candidates or localistic
interests
2=Closed list, proportional
representation
1.5=Flexible list proportional
representation
1=single member district or at-large
plurality; open list proportional
representation
0.5=single transferable vote or
preferential system, party
endorsements
0=Single non-transferable vote, open
endorsement; district or at-large
plurality with nonpartisan elections;
town meeting rather than council
Election of mayor (Omlo06)
Pursuit of collective national agenda
by parties, organized interests
2=indirect election by council
1.33=Election as head of electoral
list
.67=Direct election
0=not elected, appointed from
outside
(For Australia, where no numerical
basis for estimation of variation,
average set at midpoint between two
practices)
Council supervision (Omlo07)
Influence of parties in council on
executive (Mouritzen/Svara)
2= “committee-leader” committee
executive without manager/mayor
1.33= “collective” leadership of
committee, externally appointed
mayor
.67= “strong mayor” as executive
0= “council-manager” separation of
roles between council, manager
Local political fragmentation, by
population (Omlo08)
Higher/lower local capacities for
collective action
2=highest population per jurisdiction
0=lowest population per jurisdiction
Local political fragmentation, by
territory (Omlo09)
Higher/lower local capacities for
collective action
2=highest land area per jurisdiction
0=lowest land area per jurisdiction
Convention