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Seat Change in U.S. House Elections, 1954-2000 |
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Abstract:
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Previous research on the outcome of U.S. House elections has presented a fairly large number of multivariate seat change models. The model presented here differs from earlier efforts in two principal ways. First, it is more comprehensive. Previous seat change models have demonstrated the causal importance of a range of variables including: election year status (on-year or off-year election), presidential approval, macropartisanship, national political events and challenger quality in incumbent contested races. However, no previous model includes all of these variables. The model presented here includes each of them along with a measure of relative challenger quality in open races. Second, this analysis uses two alternative measures of the dependent variable seat change. The first or "traditional" measure, which is used in previous models, measures seat change in terms of change that occurs from election-to-election. The second, or "adjusted" measure, takes into account inter-election change in party line-ups that occurs because of the outcome of special elections and/or change in party by members of Congress. The time frame for the analysis is the 1954-2002 elections. Using the "adjusted" measure of seat change, the average error in prediction of seat change is roughly three and one-third seats. Using data from the 1954-2000 elections the model was used to predict seat change in the 2002 election "after-the-fact." Using the "adjusted" measure of seat change, the model predicted a 6.73 seat gain for the Republican party. Going into the 2002 elections, the Republicans held 223 seats. On election day they gained an additional 6 seats. |
Most Common Document Word Stems:
0000 (28), elect (27), b (24), chang (24), seat (20), qualiti (18), presid (17), equat (16), variabl (16), parti (14), 30 (13), beta (12), se (12), 24 (12), sig (12), challeng (12), relat (12), r2 (11), 2 (11), 0001 (11), 1 (10), |
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Association:
Name: American Political Science Association URL: http://www.apsanet.org
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Citation:
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MLA Citation:
| Arseneau, Robert. "Seat Change in U.S. House Elections, 1954-2000" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Philadelphia Marriott Hotel, Philadelphia, PA, Aug 27, 2003 <Not Available>. 2009-05-26 <http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p62376_index.html> |
APA Citation:
| Arseneau, R. , 2003-08-27 "Seat Change in U.S. House Elections, 1954-2000" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Philadelphia Marriott Hotel, Philadelphia, PA Online <.PDF>. 2009-05-26 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p62376_index.html |
Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript Review Method: Peer Reviewed Abstract: Previous research on the outcome of U.S. House elections has presented a fairly large number of multivariate seat change models. The model presented here differs from earlier efforts in two principal ways. First, it is more comprehensive. Previous seat change models have demonstrated the causal importance of a range of variables including: election year status (on-year or off-year election), presidential approval, macropartisanship, national political events and challenger quality in incumbent contested races. However, no previous model includes all of these variables. The model presented here includes each of them along with a measure of relative challenger quality in open races. Second, this analysis uses two alternative measures of the dependent variable seat change. The first or "traditional" measure, which is used in previous models, measures seat change in terms of change that occurs from election-to-election. The second, or "adjusted" measure, takes into account inter-election change in party line-ups that occurs because of the outcome of special elections and/or change in party by members of Congress. The time frame for the analysis is the 1954-2002 elections. Using the "adjusted" measure of seat change, the average error in prediction of seat change is roughly three and one-third seats. Using data from the 1954-2000 elections the model was used to predict seat change in the 2002 election "after-the-fact." Using the "adjusted" measure of seat change, the model predicted a 6.73 seat gain for the Republican party. Going into the 2002 elections, the Republicans held 223 seats. On election day they gained an additional 6 seats. |
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| Document Type: |
.PDF |
| Page count: |
7 |
| Word count: |
993 |
| Text sample: |
| Table 1. Seat Change in U.S. Elections 1954-2000 Model 1. Dependent variable: Change in the number of seats president’s party won or lost election-to-election. Equation 1 Equation 2 b SE b Beta Sig. T b SE b Beta Sig. T Independent variables Election Year Status (on-year or off-year) -14.34 3.98 -.31 .0026 -15.42 3.91 -.34 .0012 Exposure -.11 .03 -.21 .0045 -.12 .03 -.22 .0033 Presidential Approval 1.02 .17 .43 .0000 .98 .17 .42 .0000 Change in Macropartisanship -1.20 |
| .25 .13 .0292 .57 .22 .13 .0163 Constant -43.93 7.24 .0000 -40.90 6.28 .0000 R2 .958 .966 Adjusted R2 .945 .955 Std. Error 5.44 4.72 Durbin-Watson Statistic 2.57 2.68 Conditional Index 14.88 14.88 N 25 25 |
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