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"Go it Alone" Won't Go with the American Public

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Abstract:

Benjamin I. Page and Dukhong Kim
“‘Go it Alone’ Won’t Go with the American Public”

Recent U.S. foreign policy has widely been seen as having a unilateralist, “go it alone” tendency. Three decades worth of national surveys by the Chicago Council on Foreign Relations, supplemented by other survey data gathered since the invasion of Iraq, indicate that large majorities of ordinary Americans prefer quite a different foreign policy: one that relies chiefly on cooperative, multilateral, and diplomatic methods.
Majorities of citizens favor cooperation and joint decision making with allies, especially European countries; having widespread diplomatic relations, even with official enemy states like Iran and Cuba; pursuing diplomatic methods (as well as, and perhaps in preference to, military methods) in the struggle against terrorism; and dealing even-handedly with Israel and the Palestinians, including establishing a Palestinian state. Most Americans hold the United Nations in very high esteem and favor strengthening it by a variety of means, including a standing UN peacekeeping force and a small direct tax on international transactions. Most favor a strong UN role in the reconstruction of Iraq. Most Americans back a number of international treaties and agreements that have been rejected by U.S. officials, including the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, the treaty to ban land mines, the Kyoto agreement on global warming, and the International Criminal Court.
The public’s preferences for cooperative policies have generally been quite stable over time. They tend to fit together coherently in support of what can be called “global governance,” in which a network of international treaties and institutions are used to encourage the collective provision of global public goods. At the individual level, these preferences tend to reflect “purposive belief systems” in which people’s policy preferences are linked to logically related goals and perceptions of threats.
The concluding section of the paper asks how the foreign policy of a democratic country could get out of harmony with the wishes of its citizens. It suggests that the reasons may lie in non-democratic features of U.S. elections, including the crucial roles of political party activists and money givers; the relatively low salience of some of these foreign policy issues; the success of public officials’ rhetoric at persuading citizens that their wishes are not in fact being flouted; and the willingness of many citizens to acquiesce in policies they dislike, unless and until major negative results begin to appear.

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u.s (158), goal (124), intern (120), favor (120), american (109), support (106), un (95), polici (90), nation (71), unit (70), relat (69), state (63), strengthen (62), countri (62), global (61), palestinian (58), foreign (56), public (55), major (52), said (49), treati (48),

Author's Keywords:

public opinion; multilateralism; international cooperation; unilateralism; survey research
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Page, Benjamin. ""Go it Alone" Won't Go with the American Public" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Philadelphia Marriott Hotel, Philadelphia, PA, Aug 27, 2003 <Not Available>. 2009-05-26 <http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p62662_index.html>

APA Citation:

Page, B. , 2003-08-27 ""Go it Alone" Won't Go with the American Public" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Philadelphia Marriott Hotel, Philadelphia, PA Online <.PDF>. 2009-05-26 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p62662_index.html

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Review Method: Peer Reviewed
Abstract: Benjamin I. Page and Dukhong Kim
“‘Go it Alone’ Won’t Go with the American Public”

Recent U.S. foreign policy has widely been seen as having a unilateralist, “go it alone” tendency. Three decades worth of national surveys by the Chicago Council on Foreign Relations, supplemented by other survey data gathered since the invasion of Iraq, indicate that large majorities of ordinary Americans prefer quite a different foreign policy: one that relies chiefly on cooperative, multilateral, and diplomatic methods.
Majorities of citizens favor cooperation and joint decision making with allies, especially European countries; having widespread diplomatic relations, even with official enemy states like Iran and Cuba; pursuing diplomatic methods (as well as, and perhaps in preference to, military methods) in the struggle against terrorism; and dealing even-handedly with Israel and the Palestinians, including establishing a Palestinian state. Most Americans hold the United Nations in very high esteem and favor strengthening it by a variety of means, including a standing UN peacekeeping force and a small direct tax on international transactions. Most favor a strong UN role in the reconstruction of Iraq. Most Americans back a number of international treaties and agreements that have been rejected by U.S. officials, including the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty, the treaty to ban land mines, the Kyoto agreement on global warming, and the International Criminal Court.
The public’s preferences for cooperative policies have generally been quite stable over time. They tend to fit together coherently in support of what can be called “global governance,” in which a network of international treaties and institutions are used to encourage the collective provision of global public goods. At the individual level, these preferences tend to reflect “purposive belief systems” in which people’s policy preferences are linked to logically related goals and perceptions of threats.
The concluding section of the paper asks how the foreign policy of a democratic country could get out of harmony with the wishes of its citizens. It suggests that the reasons may lie in non-democratic features of U.S. elections, including the crucial roles of political party activists and money givers; the relatively low salience of some of these foreign policy issues; the success of public officials’ rhetoric at persuading citizens that their wishes are not in fact being flouted; and the willingness of many citizens to acquiesce in policies they dislike, unless and until major negative results begin to appear.

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Document Type: .PDF
Page count: 55
Word count: 15649
Text sample:
‘Go it Alone’ Won’t Go with the American Public Benjamin I. Page Northwestern University Evanston IL 60208 b-page@northwestern.edu Dukhong Kim Northwestern University NOTE: Much of the material in the paper is drawn from Chapter 5 “International Cooperation ” in Benjamin I. Page and Marshall M. Bouton SECURITY AND JUSTICE: THE FOREIGN POLICY AMERICANS WANT (in progress). Paper prepared for presentation at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association Philadelphia August 28-31 2003. Abstract Recent U.S. foreign policy
Adj. R-squared = .17 df = 336. Pairwise deletion of missing values. Listwise OLS and Probit estimates produced nearly identical results but some significance levels were lower. 59 On the daunting past U.S. experience with democratic nation building see Pei and Kasper (2003 esp. Table 1 p.4.) 60 Press release “New PIPA/KN Poll on US Role After Iraq War ” Program on International Policy Attitudes (Americans-world.org) April 29 2003 p.2. 61 “Security Council Almost Unanimously Approves Broad Mandate for


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