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Notes
1. A CENTRAL PARK FOR THE WORLD
1. “Adirondack.” 1864. The New York Times (August 9): 4. A short paragraph on
page 5 of the same issue noted that the summer’s weather had been “exceedingly hot
and oppressive.”
2. “Blackberry Syrup for the Soldiers,” The New York Times (August 9): 4.
3. Charles Loring Brace (1826-1890) was a Methodist minister best known for his
work with the Children’s Aid Society of New York, and his role in the development of
“orphan trains” that transported poor urban children to new homes in the rural
Midwest. The New York Times editorial has been attributed to him by a number of
scholars through the years, all of whom note Brace’s intimate knowledge of the
Adirondack region and his frequent and unattributed columns in the Times. In
preparing a biography of Brace, his daughter also felt that those facts “and the internal
evidence of the editorial in question point strongly to the probability of his having
written it.” See, Emma Brace, editor. 1894. The Life and Letters of Charles Loring Brace.
Charles Scribner’s Sons; Alfred L. Donaldson. 1921. A History of the Adirondacks,
volume 1. New York: The Century Company: 350; Frank Graham, Jr. 1978. The
Adirondack Park: A Political History. New York, NY: Alfred A. Knopf: 68; Philip G.
Terrie. 1997. Contested Terrain: A New History of Nature and People in the Adirondacks.
Syracuse, NY: The Adirondack Museum/Syracuse University Press: 88.
4. Population figures are drawn from federal census records for New York
County, which show 312,710 inhabitants in 1840, 515,547 in 1850, and 813,660 in 1860.
See: University of Virginia Geospatial and Statistical Data Center. United States Historical
Census Data Browser. ONLINE. 1998. University of Virginia. Available:
http://fisher.lib.virginia.edu/census/. [July 29, 2003].
5. Report of the Council of Hygiene and Public Health of the Citizens’ Association of
New York upon the Sanitary Condition of the City. 1865. New York: D. Appleton & Co.
6. Joanne Abel Goldman. 1997. Building New York’s Sewers: The Evolution of
Mechanisms of Urban Management. Purdue, IL: Purdue University Press.
7. Theodore Roosevelt. 1906. New York. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons:
Chapter XIV.
8. “Adirondack.” 1864. The New York Times (August 9): 4.
9. “Adirondack.” 1864. The New York Times (August 9): 4.
10. Alexis de Tocqueville. 1969. Democracy in America. J.P. Mayer, editor. New
York, NY: HarperPerennial: Part III, Chapter XVII.
11. William Cronon. 1995. The Trouble with Wilderness. The Sunday New York
Times Magazine (August 13): 42–43. See also, Roderick Frasier Nash. 2001. Wilderness
and the American Mind, 4th edition. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Convention