28
References Cited
Adams, James. 2001. “A Theory of Spatial Competition with Biased Voters: Party Policies
Viewed Temporally and Comparatively.” British Journal of Political Science 31: 121-58.
Austen-Smith, David and Jeffrey Banks. 1988. “Elections, Coalitions and Legislative Outcomes.”
American Political Science Review 84: 891-906.
Axelord, Robert M. 1970. Conflict of Interest: A Theory of Divergent Interests with Application to
Politics. Chicago: Markham.
Baron, David. 1991. “A spatial bargaining theory of government formation in parliamentary
systems.” American Political Science Review 85: 137-165.
Blyth, Mark. 2002. “The New Political Economy of Political Parties: Beyond Catch-all(ic) and
Protest(ant) Perspectives.” Paper prepared for the 2002 CES Conference, Chicago.
Budge, Ian. 1994. “A New Spatial Theory of Party Competition: Uncertainty, Ideology and Policy
Equilibria Viewed Comparatively and Temporally.” British Journal of Political Science 24(4):
443-467.
Budge, Ian and Dennis J. Farlie. 1983. Explaining and Predicting Elections. London: Allen and
Unwin.
Cohan, A.S. 1979. “The Open Coalition in the Closed Society: The Strange Pattern of
Government Formation in Ireland.” Comparative Politics 11(3): 319-38.
Cox, Gary W. 1990. “Centripetal and Centrifugal Incentives in Electoral Systems.” American
Journal of Political Science 34: 903-55.
Dahl, Robert, ed. Political Oppositions in Western Democracies. Yale University Press.
de Swaan, Abram. 1973. Coalition Theories and Cabinet Formations. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
Downs, Anthony 1957. An Economic Theory of Democracy. New York: Harper Collins.
Epstein, Lee and Olga Shvetsova. 2002. “Heresthetical Maneuvering on the US Supreme Court.”
Journal of Theoretical Politics 14(1): 93-122.
Forestiere, Carolyn. 2002. “The Second Game: The Opposition in Parliamentary Democracies.”
Paper Presented at the 2002 Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association.
Inglehart, Ronald. 1977. The Silent Revolution: Changing Values and Political Styles Among
Western Publics. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Inglehart, Ronald. 1997. Modernization and Postmodernization: Cultural, Economic and Political
Change in 43 Societies. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Katz, Richard S. and Peter Mair. “Changing Models of Party Organization and Party Democracy.”
Party Politics 1: 5-28.
Kitschelt, Herbert. 1989. The Logic of Party Formation: Ecological Parties in Belgium and West
Germany
. Ithaca: Cornell University Press.
Kitschelt, Herbert. 1994. The Transformation of European Social Democracy. Cambridge.
Knutsen, Oddbjorn. 1988. “The Impact of Structural and Ideological Cleavages in West European
Democracies” British Journal of Political Science 18(3): 323-52.