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Lame Duck Presidents and the Use of Unilateral Power: Examining Monument Proclamations
Unformatted Document Text:  1 Lame Duck Presidents and the Use of Unilateral Powers: An Examination of Monument Proclamations By Margaret Tseng Georgetown University Department of Government ## email not listed ## Abstract: An ongoing debate exists between scholars studying executive orders. Some scholars argue presidents use directives to circumvent Congress (Nathan 1983, Cooper 2002, Deering and Maltzman 1999) and other scholars argue that presidents use them to enhance their policy in conjunction with Congress in times of strong congressional support (Shull and Gomez 1997, Krause and Cohen 1997) 1 . This study applies the same theoretical debate to the use of monument proclamations with a special emphasis. I argue that presidents strategically issue monument proclamations when they are politically the weakest, as lame duck presidents. Paper Prepared for Delivery at the Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association, Philadelphia, PA, August 27-31, 2003. MONUMENT PROCLAMATIONS

Authors: Tseng, Margaret.
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1
Lame Duck Presidents and the Use of Unilateral Powers:
An Examination of Monument Proclamations
By Margaret Tseng
Georgetown University
Department of Government
## email not listed ##
Abstract: An ongoing debate exists between scholars studying
executive orders. Some scholars argue presidents use directives
to circumvent Congress (Nathan 1983, Cooper 2002, Deering and
Maltzman 1999) and other scholars argue that presidents use them
to enhance their policy in conjunction with Congress in times of
strong congressional support (Shull and Gomez 1997, Krause and
Cohen 1997)
1
. This study applies the same theoretical debate to
the use of monument proclamations with a special emphasis. I
argue that presidents strategically issue monument proclamations
when they are politically the weakest, as lame duck presidents.
Paper Prepared for Delivery at the Annual Meeting of the American
Political Science Association, Philadelphia, PA, August 27-31,
2003.
MONUMENT PROCLAMATIONS


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