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Dealing with an international pariah: Lessons from the South African case
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Dealing with an international pariah
Lessons from the South African case
Christian Hirschi
University of Kansas
Policy Research Institute
University of Kansas
1541 Lilac Lane / 607 Blake Hall
Lawrence, KS 66044
USA
e-mail:
## email not listed ##
/
## email not listed ##
27 February 2005
Abstract
This paper discusses first the insights from the literature on international sanctions for an assessment of the effects of such measures in the case of South Africa under apart-heid (1948-1994). It is shown that empirical studies draw in general a pessimistic picture of the effectiveness of international sanctions as a foreign policy tool of influ-ence. Furthermore, testing the effect of international sanctions has to deal with several theoretical and methodological challenges. The case specific consideration of interna-tional South Africa sanctions is not much more illuminative, because nearly every theoretical argument about the potential impact of sanctions on a target state was made with respect to South Africa. Therefore, I present an alternative research design for the evaluation of international sanctions against South Africa under apartheid, focusing rather on the outcome of individual foreign policy measures in the international rela-tions between sender and target than on their impact on the political situation in the target state. The study combines a case study approach and the analysis of data on international events as reported in the open press. This approach proves to be fruitful to investigate international South Africa relations following the patter “who did what to whom”, although it has to put up with several restrictions. Further work in the pro-ject involves therefore additional data on the bilateral relations between sender states (selected Western countries) and target state (South Africa). A social network analysis of available event data will also be applied.
Paper prepared for presentation at the 46
th
Annual ISA Convention, Honolulu, Hawaii,
USA, March 1-5, 2005.
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| | Authors: Hirschi, Christian. |
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1
Dealing with an international pariah
Lessons from the South African case
Christian Hirschi
University of Kansas
Policy Research Institute
University of Kansas
1541 Lilac Lane / 607 Blake Hall
Lawrence, KS 66044
USA
e-mail:
## email not listed ##
/
## email not listed ##
27 February 2005
Abstract
This paper discusses first the insights from the literature on international sanctions for
an assessment of the effects of such measures in the case of South Africa under apart-
heid (1948-1994). It is shown that empirical studies draw in general a pessimistic
picture of the effectiveness of international sanctions as a foreign policy tool of influ-
ence. Furthermore, testing the effect of international sanctions has to deal with several
theoretical and methodological challenges. The case specific consideration of interna-
tional South Africa sanctions is not much more illuminative, because nearly every
theoretical argument about the potential impact of sanctions on a target state was made
with respect to South Africa. Therefore, I present an alternative research design for the
evaluation of international sanctions against South Africa under apartheid, focusing
rather on the outcome of individual foreign policy measures in the international rela-
tions between sender and target than on their impact on the political situation in the
target state. The study combines a case study approach and the analysis of data on
international events as reported in the open press. This approach proves to be fruitful
to investigate international South Africa relations following the patter “who did what
to whom”, although it has to put up with several restrictions. Further work in the pro-
ject involves therefore additional data on the bilateral relations between sender states
(selected Western countries) and target state (South Africa). A social network analysis
of available event data will also be applied.
Paper prepared for presentation at the 46
th
Annual ISA Convention, Honolulu, Hawaii,
USA, March 1-5, 2005.
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