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Japan, Germany, and the 'War on Terrorism:' Culturalism and Defensive Realism

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Abstract:

This study examines Japan and Germany's responses to the war on terrorism. It asks whether these two states, often claimed by Culturalists to be anomalies for Realism, can be so regarded in the 'war on terrorism.' Using Japan as a primary case and Germany as a secondary case, this study focuses on these two states' responses to the invasions of Afghanistan and Iraq. It concludes that Realist variables of national interest, power, and perceived threat, more than domestic anti-militarist and pacifist norms, are determining Japan and Germany's responses. Defensive Realism, and especially balance of threat theory, can best account for the pattern of participation and abstention by these two nations in the 'war on terrorism.'

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Name: International Studies Association
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MLA Citation:

Midford, Paul. "Japan, Germany, and the 'War on Terrorism:' Culturalism and Defensive Realism" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Studies Association, Hilton Hawaiian Village, Honolulu, Hawaii, Mar 05, 2005 <Not Available>. 2009-05-26 <http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p71195_index.html>

APA Citation:

Midford, P. , 2005-03-05 "Japan, Germany, and the 'War on Terrorism:' Culturalism and Defensive Realism" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Studies Association, Hilton Hawaiian Village, Honolulu, Hawaii Online <.PDF>. 2009-05-26 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p71195_index.html

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Review Method: Peer Reviewed
Abstract: This study examines Japan and Germany's responses to the war on terrorism. It asks whether these two states, often claimed by Culturalists to be anomalies for Realism, can be so regarded in the 'war on terrorism.' Using Japan as a primary case and Germany as a secondary case, this study focuses on these two states' responses to the invasions of Afghanistan and Iraq. It concludes that Realist variables of national interest, power, and perceived threat, more than domestic anti-militarist and pacifist norms, are determining Japan and Germany's responses. Defensive Realism, and especially balance of threat theory, can best account for the pattern of participation and abstention by these two nations in the 'war on terrorism.'

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Associated Document Available International Studies Association

Document Type: .PDF
Page count: 26
Word count: 5687
Text sample:
Japan Germany and the `War on Terrorism:' Culturalism Defensive and Offensive Realism By Paul Midford1 Citations and Comments Welcome!! midfordp@ksc.kwansei.ac.jp Paper Prepared for the Annual Meeting of the International Studies Association Honolulu March 1-5 2005 Copyright the International Studies Association. 2005 1 The author would like to thank the Roper Center at the University of Connecticut for allowing me to use their Japan Data Archive and especially Associate Director Lois Timms-Ferrara and Archivist Cynthia Teixeira for extending a warm
26 distinctions between wars based upon whether the resort to force is in response to an attack or an eminent threat to national security as opposed to other reasons. The very different responses to the war in Afghanistan where public opinion was relativel y understanding versus the Iraq War where lopsided majorities have consistently opposed the war well captures this trend. Japanese public opinion also remains skeptical about the utility of military force for purposes other than national defense


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