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Variables Explaining Violence v. Non-Violence in Movements for Political Change
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The Strategic Choice Between Violent and Non-Violent Action for Change
Prepared for presentation to the 46
th
Annual Convention of the International Studies
Association, March 1-5
th
, 2005
Honolulu, Hawaii
Susan Summers Raines
Assistant Professor of Conflict Management
Kennesaw State University
1000 Chastain Road
Kennesaw, GA 30144-5591
## email not listed ##
Tel. 770-423-6081
Fax 770-423-6880
Abstract
Surprisingly, many of the factors associated with the rise of suicide terrorism and otherforms of violent action are also associated with the rise of non-violent movements forsocial change or ethno-national identity recognition. This paper examines both violentand non-violent movements in order to better understand why some movementsaccomplish social and political change through non-violence while others turn violent.Understanding these factors is an important step toward encouraging change throughpeaceful versus violent means. Cases examined include: The Solidarity movement inPoland, The Druze of the Golan Heights, the Independence Movement in India, The U.S.Civil Rights Movement, Chechnya, Sri Lanka, the Palestinian-Israeli Conflict, and theBasque Separatists in Spain among others.
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1
The Strategic Choice Between Violent and Non-Violent Action for Change
Prepared for presentation to the 46
th
Annual Convention of the International Studies
Association, March 1-5
th
, 2005
Honolulu, Hawaii
Susan Summers Raines
Assistant Professor of Conflict Management
Kennesaw State University
1000 Chastain Road
Kennesaw, GA 30144-5591
## email not listed ##
Tel. 770-423-6081
Fax 770-423-6880
Abstract
Surprisingly, many of the factors associated with the rise of suicide terrorism and other
forms of violent action are also associated with the rise of non-violent movements for
social change or ethno-national identity recognition. This paper examines both violent
and non-violent movements in order to better understand why some movements
accomplish social and political change through non-violence while others turn violent.
Understanding these factors is an important step toward encouraging change through
peaceful versus violent means. Cases examined include: The Solidarity movement in
Poland, The Druze of the Golan Heights, the Independence Movement in India, The U.S.
Civil Rights Movement, Chechnya, Sri Lanka, the Palestinian-Israeli Conflict, and the
Basque Separatists in Spain among others.
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