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Young Smokers‘¦ Cognitive and Affective Responses to Gain-framed and Loss-framed Antismoking Message: A Think Aloud Protocol Study
Unformatted Document Text:  Framing Antismoking Message – 39 Table 11 Statistical Tests – Perceived Effectiveness Mean Std. Deviation N F Sig. Eta Squared Gain-framed 4.06 1.58 32 6.27 0.02 0.17 Loss-framed 4.79 1.58 32 Table 12 Statistical Tests – Fear Index Mean Std. Deviation N F Sig. Eta Squared Gain-framed 1.78 0.78 32 4.06 0.053 0.12 Loss-framed 2.25 1.29 32 Table 13 Statistical Tests – Happiness Index Mean Std. Deviation N F Sig. Eta Squared Gain-framed 1.64 0.93 32 5.39 0.03 0.15 Loss-framed 1.29 0.69 32 Table 14 Statistical Tests – Anger Index Mean Std. Deviation N F Sig. Eta Squared Gain-framed 4.88 2.54 32 0.08 0.77 0.00 Loss-framed 5.03 2.78 32 Table 15 Statistical Tests – Sad Index Mean Std. Deviation N F Sig. Eta Squared Gain-framed 3.54 1.92 32 1.83 0.19 0.06 Loss-framed 3.90 1.97 32 Table 16 Statistical Tests – Guilt Index Mean Std. Deviation N F Sig. Eta Squared Gain-framed 4.14 1.90 32 2.22 0.15 0.07 Loss-framed 4.64 2.51 32 Table 17 Statistical Tests – Contentment Index Mean Std. Deviation N F Sig. Eta Squared Gain-framed 3.77 2.44 32 0.56 0.82 0.00 Loss-framed 3.70 2.14 32

Authors: Cheng, I-Huei. and Cameron, Glen.
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Framing Antismoking Message –
39
Table 11 Statistical Tests – Perceived Effectiveness
Mean
Std. Deviation
N
F
Sig.
Eta Squared
Gain-framed 4.06 1.58 32
6.27
0.02 0.17
Loss-framed 4.79 1.58 32
Table 12 Statistical Tests – Fear Index
Mean
Std.
Deviation
N
F
Sig. Eta
Squared
Gain-framed 1.78
0.78
32
4.06
0.053
0.12
Loss-framed 2.25 1.29
32
Table 13 Statistical Tests – Happiness Index
Mean
Std.
Deviation
N
F
Sig. Eta
Squared
Gain-framed 1.64
0.93
32
5.39 0.03
0.15
Loss-framed 1.29
0.69
32
Table 14 Statistical Tests – Anger Index
Mean
Std.
Deviation
N
F
Sig. Eta
Squared
Gain-framed 4.88
2.54
32
0.08 0.77
0.00
Loss-framed 5.03
2.78
32
Table 15 Statistical Tests – Sad Index
Mean
Std.
Deviation
N
F
Sig. Eta
Squared
Gain-framed 3.54
1.92
32
1.83 0.19
0.06
Loss-framed 3.90
1.97
32
Table 16 Statistical Tests – Guilt Index
Mean
Std.
Deviation
N
F
Sig. Eta
Squared
Gain-framed 4.14
1.90
32
2.22 0.15
0.07
Loss-framed 4.64
2.51
32
Table 17 Statistical Tests – Contentment Index
Mean
Std.
Deviation
N
F
Sig. Eta
Squared
Gain-framed 3.77
2.44
32
0.56 0.82
0.00
Loss-framed 3.70
2.14
32


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