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NGOs AND GOVERNMENT: THE SOCIAL SHAPING OF INTERNET FROM BELOW
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CONVERGING 19
increase in the number of new users to gain the third place in the overall penetration of users in society. Public access possibilities in Peru permit the constant expansion of the user base, whereas the user base in Brazil is stalemated until public access growth to include those who do not have the connectivity or income for in-home access. Table 1. Internet Use Rank in Latin America
Rank
1998
Users/
100
people
Rank
2001
Users/
100
people
1 Uruguay 2 Costa Rica 3 Chile
4 Brazil
5 Venezuela 6 Mexico 7 Panama 8 Colombia
9 Peru
10 Argentina
6.99 2.60 1.68
1.51
1.50 1.41 1.08 0.89
0.81
0.55
1 Chile 2 Uruguay
3 Peru
4 Costa Rica 5 Argentina 6 Venezuela
7 Brazil
8 Mexico 9 Colombia 10 Panama
20.00 11.90
11.49
9.33 8.00 5.27
4.65
3.62 2.69 3.17
The ITU has warned that among Latin American countries, Brazil presents the most class-stratified access to the Internet (ITU, 2000). Interviews with Internet users have shown the emergence of an elite that uses the Internet to become further integrated with the global elite (Hannerz, 1992). This role of the Internet for the Brazilian elite has strong digital divide implications, since it may widen gaps between Brazilian elites and others in terms of access to information, to economic opportunity and to global networks of contacts. Initial work also shows a growing use of the Internet by middle classes who find in it a more in-depth version of the national media they already know, represented for example, by UOL.
Growth of Internet users 1998 - 2001
209
701
157
1327
251
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
Brazil
Chile
Mexico
Peru
Venezuela
%
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| | Authors: Fuentes-Bautista, Martha., Straubhaar, Joseph. and Spence, Jeremiah. |
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CONVERGING 19
increase in the number of new users to gain the third place in the overall penetration of users in
society. Public access possibilities in Peru permit the constant expansion of the user base,
whereas the user base in Brazil is stalemated until public access growth to include those who do
not have the connectivity or income for in-home access.
Table 1. Internet Use Rank in Latin America
Rank
1998
Users/
100
people
Rank
2001
Users/
100
people
1 Uruguay
2 Costa Rica
3 Chile
4 Brazil
5 Venezuela
6 Mexico
7 Panama
8 Colombia
9 Peru
10 Argentina
6.99
2.60
1.68
1.51
1.50
1.41
1.08
0.89
0.81
0.55
1 Chile
2 Uruguay
3 Peru
4 Costa Rica
5 Argentina
6 Venezuela
7 Brazil
8 Mexico
9 Colombia
10 Panama
20.00
11.90
11.49
9.33
8.00
5.27
4.65
3.62
2.69
3.17
The ITU has warned that among Latin American countries, Brazil presents the most class-
stratified access to the Internet (ITU, 2000). Interviews with Internet users have shown the
emergence of an elite that uses the Internet to become further integrated with the global elite
(Hannerz, 1992). This role of the Internet for the Brazilian elite has strong digital divide
implications, since it may widen gaps between Brazilian elites and others in terms of access to
information, to economic opportunity and to global networks of contacts. Initial work also shows
a growing use of the Internet by middle classes who find in it a more in-depth version of the
national media they already know, represented for example, by UOL.
Growth of Internet users 1998 - 2001
209
701
157
1327
251
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
Brazil
Chile
Mexico
Peru
Venezuela
%
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