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Telecommunications Liberalization and Network Expansion--The Experiences of APEC Countries
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Table 1. Basic Information for APEC Countries
Real GDP per capita
Population
(million)
Trade in Goods
(% of GDP)
Freedom
Rating
1999
Growth
1999
Growth
1999
Growth
1999
Status
Developing Countries Chile 4,121
4.26%
15.02
1.37%
45.41
-1.48%
3.2
F
China 718
6.21%
1,266.80
0.92%
36.41
6.37%
7.6
NF
Indonesia 620
-1.80%
209.26
1.54%
51.43
-
35.59%
6.4
PF
Malaysia 3,309
1.65%
21.83
2.06%
189.05
3.66%
5.5
PF
Mexico 4,556
2.07%
97.37
1.65%
59.45
-0.37%
3.4
PF
Peru 2,082
1.42%
25.20
1.55%
27.50
0.04%
5.4
PF
Philippines 947
1.09%
74.45
2.04%
90.79
-2.86%
2.3
F
Thailand 1,869
0.27%
60.86
1.09%
89.13
2.38%
2.3
F
Average 2,278
2.17%
221.00
1.53%
Advanced Economies Australia 19,057
-0.56%
18.97
1.06%
30.72
-4.66%
1.1
F
Canada 19,344
-2.39%
30.49
1.19%
72.24
2.80%
1.1
F
Hong Kong
21,644
3.14%
6.72
2.01%
224.39
0.89%
5.3
PF
Japan 35,221
-2.11%
126.51
0.23%
16.24
-4.25%
1.2
F
Korea 7,967
1.47%
46.86
0.89%
64.88
-8.81%
2.2
F
New Zealand
13,036
-1.38%
3.81
1.18%
48.83
4.79%
1.1
F
Singapore 20,072
3.28%
3.89
2.56%
269.26
5.43%
5.5
PF
Taiwan 12,286
3.03%
22.09
0.82%
80.67
0.20%
2.2
F
United States
30,886
1.45%
276.22
1.00%
19.07
2.30%
1.1
F
Average 19,946
0.66%
59.51
1.22%
All nominal figures are transformed to 1995 US dollars. Averages in growth columns are equal weighted average. According to the Freedom House, the range of freedom rating is from 1 to 7. The smaller the number is, the higher level of freedom a country is. F means Free, NF means Not Free and PF means Partly Free. Source: ITU, 2001; World Bank, 2002; Freedom House, 2002.
revenue and higher penetration of telephone lines and cellphones than those in
developing countries in 1999. Averagely, telephone penetration in developing countries is
only 10.35 percent, whereas that in advanced economies is more than fifty percent.
Cellphone penetration in developing countries is 6.61 percent, whereas that in advanced
economies is 41.92 percent. However, the growth rate of these four indicators of
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| | Authors: Hung, Chen-Ling. |
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9
Table 1. Basic Information for APEC Countries
Real GDP
per capita
Population
(million)
Trade in Goods
(% of GDP)
Freedom
Rating
1999
Growth
1999
Growth
1999
Growth
1999
Status
Developing Countries
Chile 4,121
4.26%
15.02
1.37%
45.41
-1.48%
3.2
F
China 718
6.21%
1,266.80
0.92%
36.41
6.37%
7.6
NF
Indonesia 620
-1.80%
209.26
1.54%
51.43
-
35.59%
6.4
PF
Malaysia 3,309
1.65%
21.83
2.06%
189.05
3.66%
5.5
PF
Mexico 4,556
2.07%
97.37
1.65%
59.45
-0.37%
3.4
PF
Peru 2,082
1.42%
25.20
1.55%
27.50
0.04%
5.4
PF
Philippines 947
1.09%
74.45
2.04%
90.79
-2.86%
2.3
F
Thailand 1,869
0.27%
60.86
1.09%
89.13
2.38%
2.3
F
Average 2,278
2.17%
221.00
1.53%
Advanced Economies
Australia 19,057
-0.56%
18.97
1.06%
30.72
-4.66%
1.1
F
Canada 19,344
-2.39%
30.49
1.19%
72.24
2.80%
1.1
F
Hong Kong
21,644
3.14%
6.72
2.01%
224.39
0.89%
5.3
PF
Japan 35,221
-2.11%
126.51
0.23%
16.24
-4.25%
1.2
F
Korea 7,967
1.47%
46.86
0.89%
64.88
-8.81%
2.2
F
New
Zealand
13,036
-1.38%
3.81
1.18%
48.83
4.79%
1.1
F
Singapore 20,072
3.28%
3.89
2.56%
269.26
5.43%
5.5
PF
Taiwan 12,286
3.03%
22.09
0.82%
80.67
0.20%
2.2
F
United
States
30,886
1.45%
276.22
1.00%
19.07
2.30%
1.1
F
Average 19,946
0.66%
59.51
1.22%
All nominal figures are transformed to 1995 US dollars.
Averages in growth columns are equal weighted average.
According to the Freedom House, the range of freedom rating is from 1 to 7. The smaller the
number is, the higher level of freedom a country is. F means Free, NF means Not Free and PF
means Partly Free.
Source: ITU, 2001; World Bank, 2002; Freedom House, 2002.
revenue and higher penetration of telephone lines and cellphones than those in
developing countries in 1999. Averagely, telephone penetration in developing countries is
only 10.35 percent, whereas that in advanced economies is more than fifty percent.
Cellphone penetration in developing countries is 6.61 percent, whereas that in advanced
economies is 41.92 percent. However, the growth rate of these four indicators of
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