Author's Keywords: must carry ruels; economic analysis	Convention All Academic Convention makes running your annual conference simple and cost effective. It is your online solution for abstract management, peer review, and scheduling for your annual meeting or convention. Submission - Custom fields, multiple submission types, tracks, audio visual, multiple upload formats, automatic conversion to pdf. Review - Peer Review, Bulk reviewer assignment, bulk emails, ranking, z-score statistics, and multiple worksheets! Reports - Many standard and custom reports generated while you wait. Print programs with participant indexes, event grids, and more! Scheduling - Flexible and convenient grid scheduling within rooms and buildings. Conflict checking and advanced filtering. Communication - Bulk email tools to help your administrators send reminders and responses. Use form letters, a message center, and much more! Management - Search tools, duplicate people management, editing tools, submission transfers, many tools to manage a variety of conference management headaches! Click here for more information.
Association: Name: International Communication Association URL: http://www.icahdq.org
Citation: URL: http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p112179_index.html Direct Link: HTML Code:

Yan, Zhaoxu. "Vertical integration and the must carry rules in the cable television industry: An empirical analysis" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Communication Association, Marriott Hotel, San Diego, CA, May 27, 2003 <Not Available>. 2009-05-26 <http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p112179_index.html>

Yan, Z. , 2003-05-27 "Vertical integration and the must carry rules in the cable television industry: An empirical analysis" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the International Communication Association, Marriott Hotel, San Diego, CA Online <.PDF>. 2009-05-26 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p112179_index.html

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript Review Method: Peer Reviewed Abstract: Using historical industry data, the study empirically tested the effects of vertical integration and other system-specific, station-specific and market-specific variables on cable operators¡¯ carriage decisions regarding local television stations in 1991, a time when the must carry rules were not in effect. Contrary to an anticompetitive explanation for carriage denials, the logit analysis found that vertical integration in the cable industry did not have a significantly negative effect on cable system carriage of local stations, holding other factors constant. Other results from the study indicate that stations more likely to be denied carriage by cable systems were those with lower viewing shares, young, independent and originating from a distance. While the studies raised concerns about the negative impact of non-carriage instances on small independent stations and in smaller markets, the findings generally support the notion that cable¡¯s local station carriage decisions were more a result of efficient than anti-competitive motives.

A Longitudinal Analysis of Vertical Integration and Ownership Diversity in Broadcast TV Programming, 1993-2006

Network Effects in the U.S. Cable Television Industry: An Empirical Examination of Cable Network Externalities

Rationalization, Standardization, or Market Diversity? Radio Station Networks and Market Structure in U.S. Broadcasting, 1927-1950

Market Structure, Station Ownership, and News Programming on Local Broadcast Television