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Campaign Contributions and Lobbying on the Medicare Modernization Act of 2003

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Abstract:

The occasional bribery scandal not withstanding, the impact of private money in congressional politics is more often sensationally asserted than empirically established. While there remain dissenting voices, after three decades of research the vote-buying hypothesis can probably be put to rest. If money matters, it matters in less visible, perhaps more insidious ways, with the main mechanism of influence operating through the even larger sums that groups and firms spend on lobbying. A growing literature both theoretical and empirical has examined the mechanisms by which lobbying may influence legislators. We join that scholarship by embedding our hypotheses about money’s effects in a subsidy theory of lobbying. We proceed empirically by analyzing a rich dataset on the access of lobbyists to individual senators in the drafting, debate, and disposition of the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Moderization Act of 2003 (MMA). Because the MMA was passed before the existing ban on “soft money” took effect, we can examine not only the effects of donations by PACs to individual senators but also the indirect effects of the often more substantial donations by groups and firms to party committees. This allows a first assessment of what benefits, if any, donors receive when they fill party coffers, and, more generally, what influence party fundraising has on the legislative process. Our findings offer strong support for the hypotheses that hard money bought access to senators during deliberations over the MMA, weaker support for the value of soft money to lobbyists.

Most Common Document Word Stems:

group (222), senat (159), lobbi (116), money (114), contribut (107), legisl (99), bill (94), access (83), contact (82), member (82), pac (80), campaign (73), variabl (61), interest (60), polit (58), donat (56), lobbyist (50), vote (49), estim (47), committe (46), model (43),

Author's Keywords:

lobbying, contributions, information, parties, health
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Name: American Political Science Association
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MLA Citation:

Hall, Richard. and Van Houweling, Robert. "Campaign Contributions and Lobbying on the Medicare Modernization Act of 2003" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Marriott, Loews Philadelphia, and the Pennsylvania Convention Center, Philadelphia, PA, Aug 31, 2006 <Not Available>. 2011-03-13 <http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p150461_index.html>

APA Citation:

Hall, R. L. and Van Houweling, R. , 2006-08-31 "Campaign Contributions and Lobbying on the Medicare Modernization Act of 2003" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Marriott, Loews Philadelphia, and the Pennsylvania Convention Center, Philadelphia, PA Online <PDF>. 2011-03-13 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p150461_index.html

Publication Type: Proceeding
Abstract: The occasional bribery scandal not withstanding, the impact of private money in congressional politics is more often sensationally asserted than empirically established. While there remain dissenting voices, after three decades of research the vote-buying hypothesis can probably be put to rest. If money matters, it matters in less visible, perhaps more insidious ways, with the main mechanism of influence operating through the even larger sums that groups and firms spend on lobbying. A growing literature both theoretical and empirical has examined the mechanisms by which lobbying may influence legislators. We join that scholarship by embedding our hypotheses about money’s effects in a subsidy theory of lobbying. We proceed empirically by analyzing a rich dataset on the access of lobbyists to individual senators in the drafting, debate, and disposition of the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Moderization Act of 2003 (MMA). Because the MMA was passed before the existing ban on “soft money” took effect, we can examine not only the effects of donations by PACs to individual senators but also the indirect effects of the often more substantial donations by groups and firms to party committees. This allows a first assessment of what benefits, if any, donors receive when they fill party coffers, and, more generally, what influence party fundraising has on the legislative process. Our findings offer strong support for the hypotheses that hard money bought access to senators during deliberations over the MMA, weaker support for the value of soft money to lobbyists.

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Associated Document Available American Political Science Association

Document Type: PDF
Page count: 41
Word count: 13610
Text sample:
Campaign Contributions and Lobbying on the Medicare Modernization Act of 20031 Richard L. Hall University of Michigan Robert P. Van Houweling University of California at Berkeley Prepared for delivery at the annual meetings of the American Political Science Association May 30-September 3 2006. Philadelphia PA. Abstract The occasional bribery scandal not withstanding the impact of private money in congressional politics is more often sensationally asserted than empirically established. While there remain dissenting voices after three decades of research the
of money donated by the PAC of group i to Senator j’s leadership PAC in the 2001-2002 election cycle. Group has no PAC (501(c)(3)) – A dummy variable coded as 1 for groups that do not have a Political Action Committee because of their tax status. Soft $ from group to NRSC * Repub. senator – An interaction between the amount of soft money a group donated to the National Republican Senatorial Campaign Committee and a dummy variable coded


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