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Kant and Constructivism

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Abstract:

Is Kants approach to moral and political judgment constructivist? John Rawls argues that constructivism is central feature of Kants approach. According to this view, Kantian constructivism generates moral principles from a model that is drawn from a particular conception of the person in combination with a conception of the public role of moral precepts. Critics, including Onora ONeill, Larry Krasnoff and Barbara Herman, object that Rawlss interpretation distorts various aspects of Kantian moral judgment. In particular, such critics argue that Kants approach: (i) does not describe a particular conception of the person, but rather pictures individuals facing moral questions in the actual world; (ii) provides only a shared method for evaluating individual maxims, and not a method for identifying a shared set of principles; and (iii) focuses on the possible endorsement of maxims, not on the hypothetical choice of principles. I will argue that these three objections fail. The first objection reflects a misunderstanding of the role played by a conception of the person in a constructivist procedure; and the second and third objections reflect an unnecessarily constricted view of Kantian moral judgment. The constructivism of Kants approach, moreover, reflects Kants commitment to clarity in moral argument. The clearly defined structure of moral argument and the transparency that such a structure produces are designed to ensure that the reasoning is accessible and to lay the contents of the arguments open to critical review. I will argue that this commitment to clarity, combined with the approachs implicit commitment to intersubjective justification of moral and political judgments, constitutes a particular virtue for an account of political reasoning for societies characterized by pluralistic disagreement.

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procedur (100), moral (99), rawl (93), person (87), principl (79), constructiv (64), kantian (62), concept (62), kant (60), reason (56), posit (54), origin (49), view (47), decis (42), parti (40), repres (36), deliber (36), ration (35), argu (34), theori (34), justic (32),

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Kant, Rawls, constructivism, justification
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Kaufman, Alexander. "Kant and Constructivism" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Marriott, Loews Philadelphia, and the Pennsylvania Convention Center, Philadelphia, PA, Aug 31, 2006 <Not Available>. 2011-03-13 <http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p150482_index.html>

APA Citation:

Kaufman, A. , 2006-08-31 "Kant and Constructivism" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Marriott, Loews Philadelphia, and the Pennsylvania Convention Center, Philadelphia, PA Online <PDF>. 2011-03-13 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p150482_index.html

Publication Type: Proceeding
Abstract: Is Kants approach to moral and political judgment constructivist? John Rawls argues that constructivism is central feature of Kants approach. According to this view, Kantian constructivism generates moral principles from a model that is drawn from a particular conception of the person in combination with a conception of the public role of moral precepts. Critics, including Onora ONeill, Larry Krasnoff and Barbara Herman, object that Rawlss interpretation distorts various aspects of Kantian moral judgment. In particular, such critics argue that Kants approach: (i) does not describe a particular conception of the person, but rather pictures individuals facing moral questions in the actual world; (ii) provides only a shared method for evaluating individual maxims, and not a method for identifying a shared set of principles; and (iii) focuses on the possible endorsement of maxims, not on the hypothetical choice of principles. I will argue that these three objections fail. The first objection reflects a misunderstanding of the role played by a conception of the person in a constructivist procedure; and the second and third objections reflect an unnecessarily constricted view of Kantian moral judgment. The constructivism of Kants approach, moreover, reflects Kants commitment to clarity in moral argument. The clearly defined structure of moral argument and the transparency that such a structure produces are designed to ensure that the reasoning is accessible and to lay the contents of the arguments open to critical review. I will argue that this commitment to clarity, combined with the approachs implicit commitment to intersubjective justification of moral and political judgments, constitutes a particular virtue for an account of political reasoning for societies characterized by pluralistic disagreement.

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Document Type: PDF
Page count: 26
Word count: 7488
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Kant and Constructivism Alexander Kaufman Associate Professor Department of Political Science University of Georgia akaufman@uga.edu It is essential to Kant’s account of morality John Rawls argues that the fundamental elements of right should be viewed as determined by a decision procedure whose structure embodies a conception of persons as free and equal rational beings. The central role that Kant assigns to such a procedure in his moral theory Rawls asserts reflects Kant’s view that the substance of morality is
Onora O’Neill Constructions of Reason (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 1989) pp. 105-125. 24 O’Neill Constructions of Reason p. 109. 25 O’Neill Constructions of Reason pp. 112-13. 26 ."No longer are these notions purely transcendent and lacking explicable connections with human conduct" (TJ 226). 27 Krasnoff “How Kantian is Constructivism?” p. 401. 28 ."[T]he original position is not to be thought of as a general assembly....It is not a gathering of actual or possible persons....one can at any time adopt


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