Author's Keywords: Machiavelli, art, painting, perspectivism, epistemology, action, theory, techne, practical judgment, democracy, deception, Arendt, leadership, citizenship	Convention Convention is an application service for managing large or small academic conferences, annual meetings, and other types of events! Submission - Custom fields, multiple submission types, tracks, audio visual, multiple upload formats, automatic conversion to pdf. Review - Peer Review, Bulk reviewer assignment, bulk emails, ranking, z-score statistics, and multiple worksheets! Reports - Many standard and custom reports generated while you wait. Print programs with participant indexes, event grids, and more! Scheduling - Flexible and convenient grid scheduling within rooms and buildings. Conflict checking and advanced filtering. Communication - Bulk email tools to help your administrators send reminders and responses. Use form letters, a message center, and much more! Management - Search tools, duplicate people management, editing tools, submission transfers, many tools to manage a variety of conference management headaches! Click here for more information.
Association: Name: American Political Science Association URL: http://www.apsanet.org
Citation: URL: http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p150568_index.html Direct Link: HTML Code:

Janara, Laura. "Machiavelli's optical arts: political theory, action, democracy and deception" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Marriott, Loews Philadelphia, and the Pennsylvania Convention Center, Philadelphia, PA, Aug 31, 2006 <Not Available>. 2011-03-13 <http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p150568_index.html>

Janara, L. A. , 2006-08-31 "Machiavelli's optical arts: political theory, action, democracy and deception" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Marriott, Loews Philadelphia, and the Pennsylvania Convention Center, Philadelphia, PA Online <PDF>. 2011-03-13 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p150568_index.html

Publication Type: Proceeding Abstract: The fact that humans typically "judge more by sight" and yet are "short-sighted" is a central feature of the human condition with which Niccol� Machiavelli grapples. Among his troop of actors, his founder and Fortuna alone escape the optical limitations of grounded human experience. Back on earth, what mere humans need for political success, Machiavelli says, are the many eyes of the Greek mythological figure Argus Panoptes; such manifold optical capacity would enable people to see many dimensions of the political field at once and thus be both prepared and capable of positive political innovation. Regrettably limited to two coordinated eyeballs that face one direction, human political virtuosos are those who have trained themselves in enhanced (though never reliably complete) vision. As artists they also, in the name of valued political goods, simulate and dissimulate reality by painting portraits found compelling by short-sighted people. My aim is to illuminate the meaning in Machiavelli�s work of the recurring metaphor of sight and seeing as an expression of modes of experiencing, knowing and thinking. Unpacking his use of the metaphor as it relates to the visual arts of painting and map-drawing and Machiavelli�s linguistic approximation of these arts, I elucidate what sort of perspectivism informs Machiavelli�s thought While countless scholars have insisted that Machiavelli�s theoretical study of politics itself is an art not science, and/or that he shows political action to be an art rather than science, these claims beg the question of what form(s) of art he in fact incites, as different artistic conventions are grounded in different types of perspectivism. To answer this question, I show that three distinct optical modalities operate variously in Machiavelli�s work, typically described as Renaissance.

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