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Welfare Politics in Congress: Hearings
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Abstract
In the 1990s, the nation radically reformed family welfare. This study analyzes the Congressional politics behind the welfare revolution. We code speakers in Congressional hearings during six episodes of welfare reform from 1962 through 1996. We ask how the witnesses frame the agenda in the sense of the issues stressed, and what position they take on those issues. We posit four such issues, and we track how their relative prominence changes over time. We use the results to assess three theories of why welfare was transformed. We also model the determinants of the agenda and of positions on issues during the hearings.
The results reveal a shift away from ideological combat over the scale of government toward a cooler, more practical debate about how best to arrange welfare reform programs. Less dramatically, opinion also shifts to the right on these issues. Of the three theories of welfare reform politics, elitism appears strongest.
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Abstract
In the 1990s, the nation radically reformed family welfare. This study
analyzes the Congressional politics behind the welfare revolution. We code
speakers in Congressional hearings during six episodes of welfare reform
from 1962 through 1996. We ask how the witnesses frame the agenda in the
sense of the issues stressed, and what position they take on those issues. We
posit four such issues, and we track how their relative prominence changes
over time. We use the results to assess three theories of why welfare was
transformed. We also model the determinants of the agenda and of positions
on issues during the hearings.
The results reveal a shift away from ideological combat over the scale of
government toward a cooler, more practical debate about how best to arrange
welfare reform programs. Less dramatically, opinion also shifts to the right
on these issues. Of the three theories of welfare reform politics, elitism
appears strongest.
3
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