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43
The Independent Electoral Commission of Iraq. 2005. Note: FAQ: 15
th
December Electoral System.
www.ieciraq.org
44
http://www.un.org/news/dh/infocus/iraq/election-fact-sht.htm
45
http://www.ieciraq.org/final%20cand/Constitution_Eng_UNs-13.pdf
46
Ronald Inglehart and Pippa Norris. 2003. Rising Tide: Gender Equality and Cultural Change Around the World.
New York: Cambridge University Press; UNDP. 2004. Arab Development Report, 2004. New York: UNDP; Amal
Sabbagh. 2006. ‘The Arab States: Enhancing Women’s Political Participation.’ In International IDEA: Women in
Parliament: Beyond Numbers. Revised edition. Stockholm: International IDEA.
47
Marilyn Rueschemeyer. 1998. Women in the Politics of Post-Communist Eastern Europe. New York: M.E.Sharpe;
Richard E. Matland and Kathleen Montgomery. 2003. Women’s Access to Political Power in Post-Communist Europe.
New York: Oxford University Press.
48
Irene Tinker. 2004. ‘Quotas for women in elected legislatures: Do they really empower women?’ Women’s
Studies International Forum 27 (5-6): 531-546.
49
Najma Chowdhury. 2002. ‘The Implementation of Quotas: Bangladesh Experience — Dependence and
Marginality in Politics.’ International IDEA Regional Workshop on the Implementation of Quotas.
http://www.idea.int/quota/CS/CS_Bangladesh.pdf
50
Ronald Inglehart and Pippa Norris. 2003. Rising Tide: Gender Equality and Cultural Change Around the World.
New York: Cambridge University Press.
51
See, however, Miki Caul. 2001. ‘Political Parties and the Adoption of Candidate Gender Quotas: A Cross-
National Analysis.’ The Journal of Politics 63(4): 1214-1229; Mona L. Krook,. 2004. ‘Politicizing Representation:
Campaigns for Candidate Gender Quotas Worldwide’, PhD dissertation, Columbia University; Drude
Dahlerup. Ed. 2005. Women, Quotas and Politics. New York: Routledge.
52
For details, see Joni Lovenduski. 2005. Feminizing politics. Cambridge: Polity.
53
Joni Lovenduski and Pippa Norris. Eds. 1993. Gender and Party Politics. London: Sage.
Convention