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WMD's and Perceptions of Threat: An Experimental Analysis of Citizen Response to Nuclear, Chemical, and Biological WMD's
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Table 1:
Iran Nuclear Iran
Biological
Utland Nuclear
Utland Biological
Control
Emotional arousal
17.66
a
17.72
a
17.35
17.49
17.80
a
Perceived Threat
3.64
a
3.89
a
3.22
3.04
3.89
a
Willingness to use force
3.68
a
3.74
a
3.25
3.31
3.76
a
Casualty Acceptability
2.56
ab
2.72
a
2.37
ab
2.29
b
2.52
ab
Cells in the same row that share an identical superscript are statistically indistinguishable from each other at p<.05
Table 2: Regression models for four Dependent Variables
Emotional arousal
Threat perception
Willingness to use military
Casualty acceptance
Real vs. Hypothetical
.211*
(.097)
.602**
(.166)
.320*
(.136)
.343*
(.145)
Biological vs. Nuclear
-.140
(.097)
-.028
(.167)
-.131
(.137)
-.118
(.146)
Party ID
.062*
(.025)
.104**
(.043)
.213**
(.036)
.149**
(.038)
Female
.150
(.099)
.455**
(.170)
-.084
(.140)
-.094
(.149)
White
.175
(.138)
-.198
(.236)
.031
(.194)
-.116
(.208)
Knowledge
-.117**
(.037)
-.141*
(.064)
-.186**
(.052)
.051
(.056)
Religious attendance
-.104**
(.039)
-.109
(.067)
-.069
(.055)
.082
(.059)
Income
.057
(.062)
.028
(.105)
.022
(.086)
.027
(.092)
Number
255
255
255
253
R2
.142
.125
.220
.074
Note: Cell entries are unstandardized OLS coefficients. Standard Errors are in parentheses.*p<.05, ** p<.01, two-tailed tests; +p<.10, two tailed test
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| | Authors: Greene, Steven., Cobb, Michael. and Boettcher, William. |
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Table 1:
Iran Nuclear Iran
Biological
Utland
Nuclear
Utland
Biological
Control
Emotional
arousal
17.66
a
17.72
a
17.35
17.49
17.80
a
Perceived
Threat
3.64
a
3.89
a
3.22
3.04
3.89
a
Willingness
to use force
3.68
a
3.74
a
3.25
3.31
3.76
a
Casualty
Acceptability
2.56
ab
2.72
a
2.37
ab
2.29
b
2.52
ab
Cells in the same row that share an identical superscript are statistically indistinguishable from each other
at p<.05
Table 2: Regression models for four Dependent Variables
Emotional
arousal
Threat
perception
Willingness to
use military
Casualty
acceptance
Real vs.
Hypothetical
.211*
(.097)
.602**
(.166)
.320*
(.136)
.343*
(.145)
Biological vs.
Nuclear
-.140
(.097)
-.028
(.167)
-.131
(.137)
-.118
(.146)
Party ID
.062*
(.025)
.104**
(.043)
.213**
(.036)
.149**
(.038)
Female
.150
(.099)
.455**
(.170)
-.084
(.140)
-.094
(.149)
White
.175
(.138)
-.198
(.236)
.031
(.194)
-.116
(.208)
Knowledge
-.117**
(.037)
-.141*
(.064)
-.186**
(.052)
.051
(.056)
Religious
attendance
-.104**
(.039)
-.109
(.067)
-.069
(.055)
.082
(.059)
Income
.057
(.062)
.028
(.105)
.022
(.086)
.027
(.092)
Number
255
255
255
253
R2
.142
.125
.220
.074
Note: Cell entries are unstandardized OLS coefficients. Standard Errors are in parentheses.
*p<.05, ** p<.01, two-tailed tests; +p<.10, two tailed test
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