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UNCLOS and the Management of Maritime Conflicts |
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Abstract:
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Events such as the UK-Iceland "Cod Wars" and the Peruvian and Chilean seizure of American tuna boats brought fishery and maritime issues to international prominence in the 1960s and 1970s. More recently, armed conflicts have erupted over maritime issues between such advanced industrialized democracies as Canada and Spain. Several solutions have been proposed to manage the increasingly contentious world of maritime claims. Stemming from the literature on common property resources, solutions focus on authority, privatization, and institutions. Two primary mechanisms for resolving competing maritime claims are evaluated in this paper: 1) the creation of private ownership of maritime zones in the form of Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZs), and 2) the creation of an institution, the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), to establish standards for maritime claims and resolve disputes. Privatization may promote long-term cooperation and more efficient extraction of maritime resources, but may be suboptimal if the creation of private property rights for maritime areas generates distributional conflict. Similarly, the institutional approach to managing resources of the seas offers many advantages for resolving competing maritime claims and providing explicit mechanisms for dispute resolution, but may be problematic if distributional conflicts arise and/or institutional design is suboptimal. We evaluate the effects of UNCLOS and EEZs on the peaceful and militarized management of maritime claims in the Western Hemisphere and Europe (1900-2001). Our analyses suggest that declared EEZs work more efficiently for helping parties reach agreements in bilateral negotiations, although membership in UNCLOS promotes more frequent third party conflict management efforts. |
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state (160), maritim (145), unclo (137), eez (112), resourc (112), claim (84), manag (67), conflict (66), effect (62), issu (59), sea (59), declar (56), negoti (55), privat (51), militar (51), institut (48), attempt (44), one (43), parti (42), p (42), peac (42), |
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Association:
Name: American Political Science Association URL: http://www.apsanet.org
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Citation:
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MLA Citation:
| Nemeth, Stephen., Mitchell, Sara. and Nyman, Elizabeth. "UNCLOS and the Management of Maritime Conflicts" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Hyatt Regency Chicago and the Sheraton Chicago Hotel and Towers, Chicago, IL, Aug 30, 2007 <Not Available>. 2011-06-08 <http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p211239_index.html> |
APA Citation:
| Nemeth, S. C., Mitchell, S. M. and Nyman, E. A. , 2007-08-30 "UNCLOS and the Management of Maritime Conflicts" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Hyatt Regency Chicago and the Sheraton Chicago Hotel and Towers, Chicago, IL Online <APPLICATION/PDF>. 2011-06-08 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p211239_index.html |
Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript Abstract: Events such as the UK-Iceland "Cod Wars" and the Peruvian and Chilean seizure of American tuna boats brought fishery and maritime issues to international prominence in the 1960s and 1970s. More recently, armed conflicts have erupted over maritime issues between such advanced industrialized democracies as Canada and Spain. Several solutions have been proposed to manage the increasingly contentious world of maritime claims. Stemming from the literature on common property resources, solutions focus on authority, privatization, and institutions. Two primary mechanisms for resolving competing maritime claims are evaluated in this paper: 1) the creation of private ownership of maritime zones in the form of Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZs), and 2) the creation of an institution, the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), to establish standards for maritime claims and resolve disputes. Privatization may promote long-term cooperation and more efficient extraction of maritime resources, but may be suboptimal if the creation of private property rights for maritime areas generates distributional conflict. Similarly, the institutional approach to managing resources of the seas offers many advantages for resolving competing maritime claims and providing explicit mechanisms for dispute resolution, but may be problematic if distributional conflicts arise and/or institutional design is suboptimal. We evaluate the effects of UNCLOS and EEZs on the peaceful and militarized management of maritime claims in the Western Hemisphere and Europe (1900-2001). Our analyses suggest that declared EEZs work more efficiently for helping parties reach agreements in bilateral negotiations, although membership in UNCLOS promotes more frequent third party conflict management efforts. |
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application/pdf |
| Page count: |
40 |
| Word count: |
12611 |
| Text sample: |
| UNCLOS and the Management of Maritime Conflicts Stephen C. Nemeth and Sara McLaughlin Mitchell Department of Political Science 341 Schaeffer Hall University of Iowa Iowa City IA 52242 stephen-nemeth@uiowa.edu sara-mitchell@uiowa.edu Elizabeth A. Nyman and Paul R. Hensel Department of Political Science Florida State University Tallahassee FL 32306-2230 ean05d@fsu.edu phensel@fsu.edu Abstract: Events such as the UK-Iceland "Cod Wars" and the Peruvian and Chilean seizure of American tuna boats brought fishery and maritime issues to international prominence in the 1960s and |
| 0.78 (0.32)** One UNCLOS Member - 0.01 (0.45) Both UNCLOS Members 0.29 (0.44) Control Variables Non-Binding 3rd Party Activity - 0.68 (0.33)** Binding 3rd Party Activity 2.80 (0.95)*** Migratory Fish Stocks 0.16 (0.34) Other Issue Salience - 0.10 (0.08) Recent Militarized Disputes - 0.13 (0.34) Capability Imbalance - 1.61 (1.02) Constant 1.62 (0.94)* N 274 Log-likelihood -171.71 Chi-square 40.17 (p < .001) * p < .10 ** p < .05 *** p < .01 Standard errors are clustered by |
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