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Natural Evil and Natural Law: Augustine, Arendt, and Melanie Klein

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Abstract:

While Hannah Arendt seems to draw her concept of the banality of evil from Augustines concept of evil as privation, there is a subtle richness, or perhaps I should say contradictoriness, in Augustines account that is missing in Arendt. No one is better positioned to show this than the psychoanalyst Melanie Klein, and so to Augustine I bring a loose Kleinian reading. Loose, because my reading depends on only a couple of Kleinian concepts, such as the destructive nature of envy, as well as the way in which the death drive may attack thought itself, making it impossible to know what we are doing. Those interested in a fuller discussion of the relevance of her work to the traditional natural law may turn to my recent book, "Psychology and the Natural Law of Reparation." (Cambridge, 2006)

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evil (116), good (80), augustin (68), arendt (59), one (57), new (32), thought (30), klein (29), know (25), think (23), make (23), world (23), banal (22), concept (22), envi (22), love (22), say (21), destruct (19), us (19), york (19), even (19),

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natural law, Augustine, Arendt, Melanie Klein, evil, banality of evil
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Alford, C. Fred. "Natural Evil and Natural Law: Augustine, Arendt, and Melanie Klein" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Hyatt Regency Chicago and the Sheraton Chicago Hotel and Towers, Chicago, IL, Aug 30, 2007 <Not Available>. 2011-06-09 <http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p211622_index.html>

APA Citation:

Alford, C. , 2007-08-30 "Natural Evil and Natural Law: Augustine, Arendt, and Melanie Klein" Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Hyatt Regency Chicago and the Sheraton Chicago Hotel and Towers, Chicago, IL Online <PDF>. 2011-06-09 from http://www.allacademic.com/meta/p211622_index.html

Publication Type: Conference Paper/Unpublished Manuscript
Abstract: While Hannah Arendt seems to draw her concept of the banality of evil from Augustines concept of evil as privation, there is a subtle richness, or perhaps I should say contradictoriness, in Augustines account that is missing in Arendt. No one is better positioned to show this than the psychoanalyst Melanie Klein, and so to Augustine I bring a loose Kleinian reading. Loose, because my reading depends on only a couple of Kleinian concepts, such as the destructive nature of envy, as well as the way in which the death drive may attack thought itself, making it impossible to know what we are doing. Those interested in a fuller discussion of the relevance of her work to the traditional natural law may turn to my recent book, "Psychology and the Natural Law of Reparation." (Cambridge, 2006)

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Document Type: PDF
Page count: 22
Word count: 599
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Natural Evil and Natural Law: Augustine  Arendt  and Melanie Klein Prepared for the 2007 Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association C. Fred Alford Department of Government and Politics University of Maryland College Park  MD 20742 USA 301 405 4169  office 301 314 9690  fax falford@gvpt.umd.edu C. Fred Alford falford@gvpt.umd.edu Natural Law and Natural Evil: Augustine  Arendt  and Melanie Klein Except for the President of the United States  most people don’t talk about evil very much these  days  at least in secular contexts.  That does not necessarily represent progress in enlightenment.  Approached with suitable subtlety  the concept of evil may help us make better experiential sense  of the world we live  love  suffer  and die in.  Rather than applying the concept of evil to a particular  problem  I am going to discuss what I think this suitable subtlety requires  who has it  and who  doesn’t.   A psychoanalytic perspective on evil will be helpful here  one that combines the insights of Melanie  Klein and Wilfred Bion.   I begin my preface to evil by turning to evil’s opposite  the experience of the good  asking  whether one can today authentically and naively experience the good as Saint Augustine once did.  Certainly you love only the good  because the earth is good by the height of its mountains .  . . and good is the house that is arranged through in symmetrical proportions and is  spacious and bright . . .and good is the mild and salubrious air . . . and good is health  without pains and weariness . . . and good is the countenance of man with regular  features  a cheerful expression  and a glowing color; and good is the soul of a friend with  the sweetness of concord and the fidelity of love; and good is the just man; and good are  riches because they readily assist us; and good is the heaven with is own sun  moon and  stars . . . and good is the poem with its measured rhythm and seriousness of thoughts. (On  the Trinity  book 8  c. 3  4)  2 For Augustine  the world and everything that in it is good  for the world is made by God.  “Every  creature of God is good ” says Paul to Timothy (1 Tim. 4:4)  a passage cited by Thomas Aquinas to  make the same point as Augustine: evil does not exist  except as the privation of the good.  (Summa Contra Gentiles  book 3  part 1   c. 4)  In one of his most famous  and outrageous  sayings  Theodor writes that it is barbaric to  write poetry after Auschwitz. (Adorno 1983  34)  Later Adorno said that he meant only lyric poetry  
Rationality.  London and New York: Routledge.   Wills  G.  1999.  Saint Augustine.  New York: Lipper/Viking. 21 Winnicott  D. W.  1965.  “The Theory of the Parent­Infant Relationship.”  In The Maturational  Processes and the Facilitating Environment  37­55.  Madison  CT: International  Universities Press.   Young­Bruehl  E.  1982.  Hannah Arendt: For Love of the World.  New Haven: Yale University  Press. 22


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