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More Than a Supporting Role: Marion Keisker, Gender, Radio History
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More Than a Supporting Role: Marion Keisker, Gender, Radio History
22
3
Co lin Escott and Martin Hawkins, Good Rock in’ Tonight: Sun Records and the Birth of Rock ‘N’ Roll
(Ne w Yo rk: St. Mart ins Press, 1991). Nea l Gregory and Janice Gregory, When Elvis Died (Washington, D.C.: Co mmun ications Press, 1980).
4
Not only is Keisker not mentioned in standard histories of radio, she is not regarded in the few pieces
devoted to women in broadcasting. See: A merican Women in Radio and Telev ision AWRT, Mak ing Waves: The 50 Greatest Women in Radio and Television (Kansas City: Andrew McMeel Publishing, 1991), Donna L. Ha lper, Invisible Stars: A Social History of Wo men in American Broadcasting , Media, Communication, and Culture in America. (Armonk, N.Y.: M .E. Sharpe, 2001). Leora M . Sies and Luther F. Sies, The Encyclopedia of Women in Radio, 1920-1960 (Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland & Co., 2003).
5
See: Ha lper, Invisible Stars: A Social History of Wo men in American Broadcasting . Michele Hilmes and
Jason Loviglio, eds., Radio Reader: Essays in the Cultural History of Radio (New York: Routledge, 2002).
6
Henry, S. (1993). Changing Media History Through Women‟s History, in P. Creedon (Ed.). Women in
Mass Communication, Second Edition, 341.
7
Ha lper, D. (2001). Invisible Stars: A Social History of Women in American Broadcasting. New Yo rk and
London: M.E. Sharpe, 19.
8
Smethers, J. S. & L. Jo lliffe. (Winter 1998). “ Ho me ma king Progra ms: The Rec ipe for Reach ing Women
Listeners on the Midwest‟s Local Radio.” Journalism History, 24,4, pp. 138-148.
9
Douglas, S. (1999). Listening In: Radio and the American Imagination, from Amos ‘n’ Andy and Edward
R. Murrow to Wolfman Jack and Howard Stern. New York: Times Books; Hilmes, M. (1997). Radio Voices: American Broadcasting, 1922- 1952. Minneapolis: Un iversity of Minnesota Press; MacDonald, J. F. (1979). Don’t Touch that Dial! : Radio Programming in American Life, 1920 - 1960. Chicago: Ne lson- Hall, Inc.
10
Ha lper, Invisible Stars: A Social History of Women in American Broadcasting. 21.
11
Anne McKay, "Speaking Up : Vo ice A mp lificat ion and Women‟s Struggle for Public Expression.," in
Women and Radio: Airing Differences, ed. Caro line Mitchell (London; New York: Routledge, 2000). 15.
12
Ibid.
13
Ibid.
14
Ibid. 19.
15
Ibid.
16
Ibid.
17
J.I. M ix, " For and against the Woman Rad io Speake r," Radio Broadcasting, November 1925.
18
Mix herself unflinchingly supported women in on -air radio ro les in her co lu mn.
19
Mix, " Fo r and against the Woman Radio Spea ker."
20
J. Wallace, “ The listeners‟ point of view,” Radio Broadcast, November 1926. Quoted in Miche le
Hilmes, Radio Voices: American Broadcasting, 1922 -1952 (Minneapolis, MN: University of M innesota Press, 1997). 143.
21
J.I. M ix, "For and against the Woman Rad io Speake r," Radio Broadcasting, September 1924.
22
J. Wallace, “ The listeners‟ point of view,” Radio Broadcast, November 1926. Quoted in Hilmes, Radio
Voices: American Broadcasting, 1922-1952. 143.
23
" Women Fa ll Do wn on the Air," Variety 1931.
24
Ha lper, Invisible Stars: A Social History of Women in American Broadcasting. Susan Smulyan, "Rad io
Advertising to Women in the 1920s: A Latchkey to Every Ho me .," Historical Journal of Film Radio and Television 13, no. 3 (1993).
25
Smu lyan, S. (1993). “ Radio Advertising to Women in the 1920s: A Latchkey to Every Ho me.” Historical
Journal of Film Radio and Television, 13,3, pp. 299-314.
26
Lav in, M. (June 1995). “Creating Consumers in the 1930s: Irna Phillips and the Radio Soap Ope ra.”
Journal of Consumer Research, 22,1, pp. 75-90; Smulyan, S. (1993). “Rad io Advertising to Women in the 1920s: A Latchkey to Every Ho me.” Historical Journal of Film Radio and Television, 13,3, pp. 299-314.
27
AWRT, Mak ing Waves: The 50 Greatest Wo men in Radio and Television . Halper, Invisible Stars: A
Social History of Women in American Broadcasting .
28
Ha lper, Invisible Stars: A Social History of Women in American Broadcasting .
29
Ibid.
30
Ibid.
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More Than a Supporting Role: Marion Keisker, Gender, Radio History
22
3
Co lin Escott and Martin Hawkins, Good Rock in’ Tonight: Sun Records and the Birth of Rock ‘N’ Roll
(Ne w Yo rk: St. Mart ins Press, 1991). Nea l Gregory and Janice Gregory, When Elvis Died (Washington,
D.C.: Co mmun ications Press, 1980).
4
Not only is Keisker not mentioned in standard histories of radio, she is not regarded in the few pieces
devoted to women in broadcasting. See: A merican Women in Radio and Telev ision AWRT, Mak ing
Waves: The 50 Greatest Women in Radio and Television (Kansas City: Andrew McMeel Publishing, 1991),
Donna L. Ha lper, Invisible Stars: A Social History of Wo men in American Broadcasting , Media,
Communication, and Culture in America. (Armonk, N.Y.: M .E. Sharpe, 2001). Leora M . Sies and Luther F.
Sies, The Encyclopedia of Women in Radio, 1920-1960 (Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland & Co., 2003).
5
See: Ha lper, Invisible Stars: A Social History of Wo men in American Broadcasting . Michele Hilmes and
Jason Loviglio, eds., Radio Reader: Essays in the Cultural History of Radio (New York: Routledge, 2002).
6
Henry, S. (1993). Changing Media History Through Women‟s History, in P. Creedon (Ed.). Women in
Mass Communication, Second Edition, 341.
7
Ha lper, D. (2001). Invisible Stars: A Social History of Women in American Broadcasting. New Yo rk and
London: M.E. Sharpe, 19.
8
Smethers, J. S. & L. Jo lliffe. (Winter 1998). “ Ho me ma king Progra ms: The Rec ipe for Reach ing Women
Listeners on the Midwest‟s Local Radio.” Journalism History, 24,4, pp. 138-148.
9
Douglas, S. (1999). Listening In: Radio and the American Imagination, from Amos ‘n’ Andy and Edward
R. Murrow to Wolfman Jack and Howard Stern. New York: Times Books; Hilmes, M. (1997). Radio
Voices: American Broadcasting, 1922- 1952. Minneapolis: Un iversity of Minnesota Press; MacDonald, J.
F. (1979). Don’t Touch that Dial! : Radio Programming in American Life, 1920 - 1960. Chicago: Ne lson-
Hall, Inc.
10
Ha lper, Invisible Stars: A Social History of Women in American Broadcasting. 21.
11
Anne McKay, "Speaking Up : Vo ice A mp lificat ion and Women‟s Struggle for Public Expression.," in
Women and Radio: Airing Differences, ed. Caro line Mitchell (London; New York: Routledge, 2000). 15.
12
Ibid.
13
Ibid.
14
Ibid. 19.
15
Ibid.
16
Ibid.
17
J.I. M ix, " For and against the Woman Rad io Speake r," Radio Broadcasting, November 1925.
18
Mix herself unflinchingly supported women in on -air radio ro les in her co lu mn.
19
Mix, " Fo r and against the Woman Radio Spea ker."
20
J. Wallace, “ The listeners‟ point of view,” Radio Broadcast, November 1926. Quoted in Miche le
Hilmes, Radio Voices: American Broadcasting, 1922 -1952 (Minneapolis, MN: University of M innesota
Press, 1997). 143.
21
J.I. M ix, "For and against the Woman Rad io Speake r," Radio Broadcasting, September 1924.
22
J. Wallace, “ The listeners‟ point of view,” Radio Broadcast, November 1926. Quoted in Hilmes, Radio
Voices: American Broadcasting, 1922-1952. 143.
23
" Women Fa ll Do wn on the Air," Variety 1931.
24
Ha lper, Invisible Stars: A Social History of Women in American Broadcasting. Susan Smulyan, "Rad io
Advertising to Women in the 1920s: A Latchkey to Every Ho me .," Historical Journal of Film Radio and
Television 13, no. 3 (1993).
25
Smu lyan, S. (1993). “ Radio Advertising to Women in the 1920s: A Latchkey to Every Ho me.” Historical
Journal of Film Radio and Television, 13,3, pp. 299-314.
26
Lav in, M. (June 1995). “Creating Consumers in the 1930s: Irna Phillips and the Radio Soap Ope ra.”
Journal of Consumer Research, 22,1, pp. 75-90; Smulyan, S. (1993). “Rad io Advertising to Women in the
1920s: A Latchkey to Every Ho me.” Historical Journal of Film Radio and Television, 13,3, pp. 299-314.
27
AWRT, Mak ing Waves: The 50 Greatest Wo men in Radio and Television . Halper, Invisible Stars: A
Social History of Women in American Broadcasting .
28
Ha lper, Invisible Stars: A Social History of Women in American Broadcasting .
29
Ibid.
30
Ibid.
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